PA Emissions Inspection Questions 100% Accurate!!

What health problems can pollution cause? -ANSWER Respiratory issues What percent of air pollution is caused by vehicles? -ANSWER 20% How much less air pollution do we have now than in the 1960s? (%) -ANSWER 98% less What is the average thermal efficiency? (%) -ANSWER 20% Where does 80% of the rest of the fuel go to? -ANSWER Friction, heat, and emissions What are the 5 major pollutants? -ANSWER Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon monoxide (CO), Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter What are hydrocarbons? -ANSWER Unburned fuel of carbon and hydrogen What are hydrocarbons emitted through? -ANSWER Incomplete combustion and fuel evaporation What are hydrocarbons caused by? -ANSWER Misfire, rich, ignition timing, engine deficiencies, and fuel injectors What has lowered hydrocarbons? -ANSWER OBD 2, component controls, fuel delivery, ignition, emissions system, and EVAPs Can you see or smell carbon monoxide? -ANSWER No Is carbon monoxide harmful or nonharmful? -ANSWER Harmful How is carbon monoxide made? -ANSWER Incomplete burning of fuel What is carbon monoxide caused by?` -ANSWER rich, dirty air filter, fuel injectors, high fuel pressure, defective sensors, plugged PCV valve, heat riser valve stuck open, air pump malfunction, oil diluted with gas How is nitrogen oxide made? -ANSWER Combustion of fuel at high temperatures What is nitrogen oxide the cause of? -ANSWER Acid rain What type of health issues does nitrogen oxide cause? -ANSWER Respiratory issues What is nitrogen oxide caused by? -ANSWER lean, defective EGR, high temperature, vacuum leaks, advance ignition timing What can too little or too much oxygen cause? -ANSWER Improper combustion What is too little oxygen caused by? -ANSWER rich, dirty air filter, fuel injectors, high fuel pressure, defective sensors, restricted PCV valve, EVAP purges at idle What is too much oxygen caused by? -ANSWER lean, misfire, vacuum leak, exhaust leak Where is ozone/smog made at? -ANSWER Ground level What creates smog? -ANSWER Oxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons mixed together in the sunlight What health issue can smog cause? -ANSWER Damaged lungs What is particulates? -ANSWER Dirt, dust, etc. How are particulates made? -ANSWER Combustion What is the stoichiometric level? -ANSWER 14.7 parts air to 1 part fuel Is the mixture lean or rich during a cold start or acceleration? -ANSWER Rich When are hydrocarbons consistent? -ANSWER 14.7:1 When are hydrocarbons high? -ANSWER When rich or lean What is 17:1 called? -A