Summary Maryville Nurs 611 Patho Exam 2 Study Guide

Relative Anemia – numbers are normal, but RBC are failing to give up or are holding onto oxygen causing a relative shift to the left or right b/c of infection, acidosis, alkalosis ect.  Microcytic hypochromic Anemia - SMALL pale cells- most common cause is IRON deficiency but can also be a THALLASEMIA  Macrocytic ( Megaloblastic) anemia- caused by vitamin b12 or folic acid deficiency- most COMMON is pernicious anemia caused by loss of intrinsic factor which is needed to absorb vitamin b12  Aplastic Anemia – Autoimmune disease ALL 3 cell lines down (RBC, WBC, and Platelets because of bone marrow suppression) Pancytopenia  Acute Blood Loss Anemia (post hemorrhagic) – numbers will be normal- but the acute blood loss causes tissue hypoxemia which stimulates production of erythropoietin by the kidney and this increases production of erythrocytes, and you will see a rise in reticulocytes. Pernicious Anemia  Macrocytic anemia  Loss of intrinsic factor created in the GI tract  Unable to absorb iron due to loss of vitamin B12 absorption