CSET Subtest I Reading Key Terms Exam Guide Q&A

Blend - Answer-Two letters that make one sound. Cueing System - Answer-The source of information that aids decoding such as phonics, structural analysis and semantic and syntactical information. Digraph - Answer-Two letters that make one speech sound, as th for /th/, or sh for /sh/. Diphthong - Answer-The new vowel sound produced from two vowels in the same syllable, as /oy/ in boy, or /i/ as in buy. Grapheme - Answer-The written/printed representation of a phoneme. Morpheme - Answer-A unit that cannot be divided into smaller elements such as the word "book." Phoneme - Answer-The smallest sound unit of speech, as the /b/ in "book," the /t/ in "took." Phonics - Answer-A strategy to teach reading and spelling that involves the relationship between sounds and written symbols. The study and use of sound/spelling correspondences to identify written words. Pre-alphabetic (Pre K-K) - Answer-Beginning of awareness that text progresses from left to right. Recognizes distictvie visual clues in environmental print, such as of letters in their names. Early Alphabetic (Grades K-1) - Answer-Letters are associated with sounds. The student begins to read simple CVC words (such as mat, sun, pin). Usually represents such words with a single sound. Middle & Late Alphabetic (Grade 1) - Answer-When writing, vowels are included in each syllable. When reading, students begin to recognize "chunks" or phonograms. Orthographic (Grades 2-3) - Answer-Students read larger units of print & use anaology to decode larger words. Decoding becomes fluent. Accuracy & speed when reading is stressed. Semantics - Answer-The analysis & study of meanings of words, phrases, and sentences. Useful as a strategy in decoding to analyze the word that "sounds" correct in a sentence.