MATERNITY AND CHILD NURSING CARE PEDIATRIC NURSING QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

A 9-month-old child has been treated after a choking incident. Which advice does the nurse give to the parents to prevent further incidents? Select all that apply. A "Never leave your child unattended." B "Your child is too young to be allowed to eat solid food." C "Make sure all cabinets, drawers, and containers are childproof." D "Marbles and LEGOs are not appropriate toys for children at that age." E "Allowing your child to crawl on the floor increases the risk for injury." - A, C, D Crawling infants may explore their environments through taste and touch. They tend to put everything in their mouths. Therefore, the nurse should advise the parents to always keep a watch on their child and never leave their child unattended. Children at 9 months of age will begin to be able to pull themselves up to standing positions, potentially giving them access to cabinets, drawers, and containers that they were unable to access before. Therefore, the parents need to thoroughly childproof the home. The parents should be warned about providing small, colorful toys or leaving small objects on the floor because the child will be attracted to such objects and may attempt to swallow them, which may result in choking. The child is 8 months old. By this age, solid foods are permitted. The child should be allowed to play and crawl on the floor, as this is helpful for the development of the child's gross motor skills. The nurse is assessing a school-age child. The child stays with a parent who is recently divorced and has a meager income. The child does not like to mingle with other students at school. The child's performance is poor in studies and is cruel toward pets at home. Which factors in the child could most likely lead to pediatric social illness? Select all that apply. 1 Poverty 2 Pet cruelty 3 Single parent 4 Going to school 5 Behavior with others - 1, 2, 3, 5 Pediatric social illness is a new morbidity in children. It refers to "the behavior, social, and educational problems that the children face". Poor socioeconomic status is a social problem. Animal cruelty is a behavioral problem. Problem within the family is a social problem Failure at school is an educational problem, and behavior with other children is also a behavioral problem. Any of these could cause pediatric social illness. Going to school does not cause social illness. It helps the child to gain knowledge, learn moral values, and to lead a successful life. The nurse is caring for a patient who is on long-term catheterization. According to the National Quality Forum, what should the nurse assess in this patient? 1 Oxygen saturation using arterial or venous blood 2 Monitoring of respiratory rate while in a sitting position 3 Signs and symptoms of a urinary tract infection 4 Abnormal changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) - 3 According to National Quality Forum, the nurse has to measure the patient-centered outcome. The nurse has to assess the patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) regularly to identify the urinary tract infections associated with the urinary catheter. Signs and symptoms of a urinary tract infection are fever, burning urination, and yellow urine. The urinalysis is done to confirm the presence of urinary tract infection (UTI). Urinary catheterization has no direct association with changes in arterial or venous oxygen saturation, respiratory, or cardiac complication. The pediatric nurse is providing first aid to a child. The child sustained minor injuries while playing on the ground, and has severe pain in the knee joint. Which of the nursing interventions in the care of the child come under atraumatic care? Select all that apply. 1 Controlling pain 2 Allowing the child's privacy 3 Respecting cultural differences 4 Fostering the parent-child relationship 5 Giving vaccination for preventing tetanus - 1, 2, 3, 4 Atraumatic care refers to the provision of the therapeutic interventions that would minimize or eliminate a patient's physical and psychologic distress. Atraumatic care includes interventions to reduce physical distress such as pain control measures. Interventions such as allowing the child privacy, respecting cultural differences, and fostering the parent-child relationship are examples of interventions those are helpful in minimizing psychologic distress in the child. Preventive measures such as vaccination for preventing tetanus are not an intervention included in a traumatic care. The parent of a newborn child asks the nurse the importance of breastfeeding. What should the nurse tell the parent? Select all that apply. 1 Breast milk is not rich in micronutrients. 2 Breast milk is not recommended for infants with fever. 3 Enzymes in breast milk are helpful in the digestion of milk. 4 Immunoglobulins in milk can prevent infections and diseases. 5 Breastfeeding can decrease infant mortality and morbidity. - 3, 4, 5 Breast milk contains enzymes that are helpful in the digestion of milk and improve the bioavailability of all nutrients in the milk. Immunoglobulins in milk give immunity against infections and allergies. Hence, breastfeeding can decrease infant mortality and morbidity. Breast milk is rich in micronutrients. Breast milk has immunologic properties, so it can be given to the infants with fever.