Pathophysiology Chapter 6- Test Bank
Bacteria that form an irregular cluster of spheres are called:
A) bacilli.
B) diplococci.
C) staphylococci.
D) streptococci. - ANSC
Microbial mutation means that:
A) genetic information has changed.
B) pathogens become nonpathogens.
C) the microbe survives adverse conditions but can no longer replicate.
D) the immune response to that microbe is strengthened. - ANSA
What method do viruses use to replicate?
A) Binary fission
B) Budding of a daughter cell from the parent viral cell
C) Producing reproductive spores
D) Using a host cell to produce and assemble components - ANSD
A retrovirus such as HIV contains:
A) RNA and enzymes for its conversion.
B) a double strand of DNA.
C) many enzymes to limit budding of new virions.
D) numerous mitochondria. - ANSA
Which statement applies to yeasts?
A) They are usually considered to be pathogenic.
B) They seldom contain a distinct nucleus.
C) They may cause opportunistic infection in the body.
D) They are normally not found in large numbers in resident flora. - ANSC
Which of the following is NOT classified as a protozoan agent of disease?
A) Plasmodium vivax
B) Trichomonas vaginalis
C) Tinea pedis
D) Entamoeba histolytica - ANSC
Which of the following is a characteristic of resident or normal flora (microflora)?
A) It exists in all areas of the body.
B) Different species inhabit various areas of the body.
C) It is of no benefit to the human host.
, D) It consists only of bacteria. - ANSB
Which of the following is normally considered sterile?
A) Urine
B) Pharynx
C) Distal urethra
D) Vagina - ANSA
The term nosocomial infection means:
A) transmission involves an insect or animal host.
B) acquired in a hospital or medical facility.
C) transmitted by a fomite.
D) spread by direct contact with secretions from an open lesion. - ANSB
Transmission of microbes by direct contact includes:
A) touching a contaminated countertop.
B) sexual intercourse.
C) drinking contaminated water.
D) inhaling dust-borne microbes. - ANSB
What does the term carrier mean?
A) A person with active infection who acts as a reservoir for microbes
B) Animals, insects, objects, or surfaces contaminated by pathogens
C) An individual who is contagious through infected secretions on the hands
D) An asymptomatic person whose body harbors pathogens and can transmit them to others -
ANSD
Opportunistic infection may develop when:
A) pathogens enter the body but cannot colonize the site of entry.
B) an imbalance occurs in the normal resident flora.
C) host resistance increases, and the balance of resident flora is restored.
D) contaminated food or water is unknowingly ingested. - ANSB
Host resistance is promoted by all of the following EXCEPT:
A) prescribed immunizations.
B) chronic respiratory disease.
C) vitamin and mineral supplements.
D) appropriate inflammatory or immune response. - ANSB
Which of the following factors would NOT increase the virulence of a specific microbe?
A) Secretion of endotoxin
B) Presence of a bacterial capsule
C) Production of interferons
D) Secretion of invasive enzymes - ANSC
Bacteria that form an irregular cluster of spheres are called:
A) bacilli.
B) diplococci.
C) staphylococci.
D) streptococci. - ANSC
Microbial mutation means that:
A) genetic information has changed.
B) pathogens become nonpathogens.
C) the microbe survives adverse conditions but can no longer replicate.
D) the immune response to that microbe is strengthened. - ANSA
What method do viruses use to replicate?
A) Binary fission
B) Budding of a daughter cell from the parent viral cell
C) Producing reproductive spores
D) Using a host cell to produce and assemble components - ANSD
A retrovirus such as HIV contains:
A) RNA and enzymes for its conversion.
B) a double strand of DNA.
C) many enzymes to limit budding of new virions.
D) numerous mitochondria. - ANSA
Which statement applies to yeasts?
A) They are usually considered to be pathogenic.
B) They seldom contain a distinct nucleus.
C) They may cause opportunistic infection in the body.
D) They are normally not found in large numbers in resident flora. - ANSC
Which of the following is NOT classified as a protozoan agent of disease?
A) Plasmodium vivax
B) Trichomonas vaginalis
C) Tinea pedis
D) Entamoeba histolytica - ANSC
Which of the following is a characteristic of resident or normal flora (microflora)?
A) It exists in all areas of the body.
B) Different species inhabit various areas of the body.
C) It is of no benefit to the human host.
, D) It consists only of bacteria. - ANSB
Which of the following is normally considered sterile?
A) Urine
B) Pharynx
C) Distal urethra
D) Vagina - ANSA
The term nosocomial infection means:
A) transmission involves an insect or animal host.
B) acquired in a hospital or medical facility.
C) transmitted by a fomite.
D) spread by direct contact with secretions from an open lesion. - ANSB
Transmission of microbes by direct contact includes:
A) touching a contaminated countertop.
B) sexual intercourse.
C) drinking contaminated water.
D) inhaling dust-borne microbes. - ANSB
What does the term carrier mean?
A) A person with active infection who acts as a reservoir for microbes
B) Animals, insects, objects, or surfaces contaminated by pathogens
C) An individual who is contagious through infected secretions on the hands
D) An asymptomatic person whose body harbors pathogens and can transmit them to others -
ANSD
Opportunistic infection may develop when:
A) pathogens enter the body but cannot colonize the site of entry.
B) an imbalance occurs in the normal resident flora.
C) host resistance increases, and the balance of resident flora is restored.
D) contaminated food or water is unknowingly ingested. - ANSB
Host resistance is promoted by all of the following EXCEPT:
A) prescribed immunizations.
B) chronic respiratory disease.
C) vitamin and mineral supplements.
D) appropriate inflammatory or immune response. - ANSB
Which of the following factors would NOT increase the virulence of a specific microbe?
A) Secretion of endotoxin
B) Presence of a bacterial capsule
C) Production of interferons
D) Secretion of invasive enzymes - ANSC
