NSG 3280 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers (2026/2027) | Complete
Questions | Accurate Answers | A+
• the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs,
tissues, cells, and bodily fluids. -✓✓1: Pathology
• the study of the causes of diseases -✓✓1: Etiology
• Something which increases risk or susceptibility. -✓✓1: risk factor
• the development or evolution of a disease, from initial stimulus to the
ultimate expression of the manifestations -✓✓1: pathogenesis
• manifestations of disease that are observed -✓✓1: signs of disease
• subjective feelings of an abnormality in the body -✓✓1: symptoms
• etiology of a particular set of signs and symptoms has not yet been
determined -✓✓1: syndrome
• interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first
appearance of signs and symptoms -✓✓1: latent period
• refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the
onset of a disease -✓✓1: prodromal period
• disease reaches its full intensity, and signs and symptoms attain their
greatest severity -✓✓1: Stage of manifest illness/acute phase
• signs and symptoms may become mild or disappear for a time -✓✓1:
latent/ silent period
• relatively severe manifestations but runs a short coarse measured in
hours, days, or a few weeks -✓✓1: acute condition
,• can begin in the acute phase and become prolonged when the body's
defenses are insufficient to overcome the causative agent and can last for
months -✓✓1: chronic condition
• sudden increase in the severity of a disease -✓✓1: exacerbation
• an abatement or decline in severity of the signs and symptoms of a
disease -✓✓1: remission
• stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation -✓✓1:
convalescence
• subsequent pathologic condition produced by a disease -✓✓1: sequela
(sequelae)
• the degree to which a measurement reflects the true value of the object it
is intended to measure -✓✓1: validity/accuracy
• the ability of a test to give the same result in repeated measurements -
✓✓1: reliability/precision
• the extent to which a test can differentiate between the presence or
absence of a condition in an individual -✓✓1: predictive value
• estimate of the probability that disease is present if the test is positive -
✓✓1: positive predictive value
• an estimate of the probability that disease is absent if the test is negative
-✓✓1: negative predictive value
• probability that a test will be positive when applied to a person with the
condition -✓✓1: Sensitivity
• probability that a test will be negative when applied to a person who does
not have a given condition -✓✓1: Specificity
,• Age, gender, genetic and ethnic background, geographic area, and time
of day -✓✓1: influencers of physiologic parameters?
• a normal adaptive response -✓✓1: acclimatization
• study of patterns of a disease -✓✓1: epidemiology
• disease that is native to a local region (a town or county) -✓✓1: endemic
disease
• disease is disseminated to many people at the same time (a country) -
✓✓1: epidemic
• disease that spreads widely across a large area (the world) -✓✓1:
pandemic
• age, ethnic group, gender, socioeconomic factors and lifestyle
considerations, and geographic location -✓✓1: principal factors affecting
patterns of disease in human populations?
• changes in function that occur during the early years of life -✓✓1:
developmental process
• maintaining internal conditions in a stable state by keeping parameters
relatively the same/ the state of being in which all systems are in balance
around a fairly narrow ideal "set point" -✓✓2: homeostasis
• ability to successfully adapt to changes -✓✓2: allostasis
• physical, chemical, or emotional factor that produces tension in the body
or mind -✓✓2: stress
• anything that throws the body out of allostatic balance -✓✓2: stressor
• Alarm reaction, Stage of existence, Stage of exhaustion -✓✓2: general
adaptation syndrome (GAS)
• Fight or Flight Response -✓✓2: alarm
, • unknown cause -✓✓idiopathic
• cause of disease -✓✓Eitology
• result of an unintended or unwanted medical treatment -✓✓iatrogenic
• development of disease from initial stimulation -✓✓Pathogenesis
• subjective characteristics of a disease that only the patient can feel -
✓✓Symptoms are
• interval between initial infection and first signs and symptoms -
✓✓incubation period/ Latent
• time of mild signs or symptoms indicating onset of disease -✓✓prodomal
phase
• the disease reaches its full intensity, and signs and symptoms attain their
greatest severity -✓✓Manifest Phase
• gradual recovery after an illness -✓✓convalescence
• Observed and objective manifestations -✓✓Signs
• Subjective feelings from patient -✓✓Symptoms
• S/S that has not been identified -✓✓syndrome
• a sudden increase in severity of disease or signs or symptoms -
✓✓exacerbation
• improvement or absence of signs of disease -✓✓Remission
• Stage of a disease or disorder not severe enough to produce symptoms
that can be detected or diagnosed. -✓✓subclinical
Answers (2026/2027) | Complete
Questions | Accurate Answers | A+
• the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs,
tissues, cells, and bodily fluids. -✓✓1: Pathology
• the study of the causes of diseases -✓✓1: Etiology
• Something which increases risk or susceptibility. -✓✓1: risk factor
• the development or evolution of a disease, from initial stimulus to the
ultimate expression of the manifestations -✓✓1: pathogenesis
• manifestations of disease that are observed -✓✓1: signs of disease
• subjective feelings of an abnormality in the body -✓✓1: symptoms
• etiology of a particular set of signs and symptoms has not yet been
determined -✓✓1: syndrome
• interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first
appearance of signs and symptoms -✓✓1: latent period
• refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the
onset of a disease -✓✓1: prodromal period
• disease reaches its full intensity, and signs and symptoms attain their
greatest severity -✓✓1: Stage of manifest illness/acute phase
• signs and symptoms may become mild or disappear for a time -✓✓1:
latent/ silent period
• relatively severe manifestations but runs a short coarse measured in
hours, days, or a few weeks -✓✓1: acute condition
,• can begin in the acute phase and become prolonged when the body's
defenses are insufficient to overcome the causative agent and can last for
months -✓✓1: chronic condition
• sudden increase in the severity of a disease -✓✓1: exacerbation
• an abatement or decline in severity of the signs and symptoms of a
disease -✓✓1: remission
• stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation -✓✓1:
convalescence
• subsequent pathologic condition produced by a disease -✓✓1: sequela
(sequelae)
• the degree to which a measurement reflects the true value of the object it
is intended to measure -✓✓1: validity/accuracy
• the ability of a test to give the same result in repeated measurements -
✓✓1: reliability/precision
• the extent to which a test can differentiate between the presence or
absence of a condition in an individual -✓✓1: predictive value
• estimate of the probability that disease is present if the test is positive -
✓✓1: positive predictive value
• an estimate of the probability that disease is absent if the test is negative
-✓✓1: negative predictive value
• probability that a test will be positive when applied to a person with the
condition -✓✓1: Sensitivity
• probability that a test will be negative when applied to a person who does
not have a given condition -✓✓1: Specificity
,• Age, gender, genetic and ethnic background, geographic area, and time
of day -✓✓1: influencers of physiologic parameters?
• a normal adaptive response -✓✓1: acclimatization
• study of patterns of a disease -✓✓1: epidemiology
• disease that is native to a local region (a town or county) -✓✓1: endemic
disease
• disease is disseminated to many people at the same time (a country) -
✓✓1: epidemic
• disease that spreads widely across a large area (the world) -✓✓1:
pandemic
• age, ethnic group, gender, socioeconomic factors and lifestyle
considerations, and geographic location -✓✓1: principal factors affecting
patterns of disease in human populations?
• changes in function that occur during the early years of life -✓✓1:
developmental process
• maintaining internal conditions in a stable state by keeping parameters
relatively the same/ the state of being in which all systems are in balance
around a fairly narrow ideal "set point" -✓✓2: homeostasis
• ability to successfully adapt to changes -✓✓2: allostasis
• physical, chemical, or emotional factor that produces tension in the body
or mind -✓✓2: stress
• anything that throws the body out of allostatic balance -✓✓2: stressor
• Alarm reaction, Stage of existence, Stage of exhaustion -✓✓2: general
adaptation syndrome (GAS)
• Fight or Flight Response -✓✓2: alarm
, • unknown cause -✓✓idiopathic
• cause of disease -✓✓Eitology
• result of an unintended or unwanted medical treatment -✓✓iatrogenic
• development of disease from initial stimulation -✓✓Pathogenesis
• subjective characteristics of a disease that only the patient can feel -
✓✓Symptoms are
• interval between initial infection and first signs and symptoms -
✓✓incubation period/ Latent
• time of mild signs or symptoms indicating onset of disease -✓✓prodomal
phase
• the disease reaches its full intensity, and signs and symptoms attain their
greatest severity -✓✓Manifest Phase
• gradual recovery after an illness -✓✓convalescence
• Observed and objective manifestations -✓✓Signs
• Subjective feelings from patient -✓✓Symptoms
• S/S that has not been identified -✓✓syndrome
• a sudden increase in severity of disease or signs or symptoms -
✓✓exacerbation
• improvement or absence of signs of disease -✓✓Remission
• Stage of a disease or disorder not severe enough to produce symptoms
that can be detected or diagnosed. -✓✓subclinical
