Anesthesiology Study Questions 2023 Update

Anesthesiology Study Questions 2023 Update tranquilization - ANS-a state of tranquility and calmness in which the animal is awake, relaxed, and unconcerned about its surroundings. The animal is easily arousable and will respond to painful stimuli. sedation - ANS-more profound central nervous system depression than tranquilization in which the animal is awake, sleepy, but still able to be aroused by stimulation. Minor manipulations can be performed, and aggressive animals may be easier to handle. surgical anesthesia - ANS-reversible loss of sensation to all or part of the body. Unconsciousness, analgesia, and hyporeflexia (relaxation) are characteristic of the anesthetic state. Additionally, lack of purposeful movement and prevention of undesirable autonomic responsiveness are desirable anesthetic characteristics. Anesthesia is produced by the administration of drugs that depress the central and/or peripheral nervous systems. balanced anesthesia - ANS-a technique of general anesthesia based on the concept that administration of a mixture of small amounts of several neuronal depressants (for example, narcotics and inhalational agents) maximizes the advantages, but not the disadvantages of, the individual components of the mixture. (from medical) dissociative anesthesia - ANS-type of general anesthesia in which the animal is 'dissociated' from its surroundings and unaware of external stimuli. These agents interrupt neurotransmission between the thalamocortical and limbic areas of the CNS. The animal retains some muscle rigidity (catalepsy); open eyes with palpebral reflexes; and somewhat intact swallowing reflexes. What are the 5 necessary components of general anesthesia? - ANS-- Unconsciousness - Amnesia - Analgesia (more accurately antinociception) - Immobility - Attenuation of autonomic response to noxious stimuli Why is analgesia NOT a necessary component of general anesthesia? - ANS-because when an animal is anesthetized it is unconscious and is therefore it cannot feel pain. An animal in Stage 2 would show what kind of signs? Is this animal consciously aware of its environment? - Continues...