Early Childhood Education Questions Answered 100% correct

Early Childhood Education Questions Answered 100% correct Solitary Play Independent play (Infants) Parallel Play Playing near others but not with (toddlers) Cooperative Play Play between two or more children (Preschool) Piaget Stages of cognitive development: Sensorimotor-object permanence, learning through senses (birth - 2) Preoperational-egocentric, symbolic representation conservation ( 2- 7) Concrete operations-thinking logically (7 - 11) Formal operations-abstract thinking ( 11 - adult) Montessori Independent learning, practical life experiences, self-selection, long blocks of time Erikson Psychosocial development, 8 stages with social conflict or crisis Vygotsky Importance of social interaction, zone of proximal development, scaffolding Physical Development Increasing motor skills and using Social Interaction with others Emotional development Identifying and expressing feelings/emotions Cognitive Development Thinking skills, problem-solving, mental processes Fine/Small Motor Using the small muscles of the hand, fingers, wrist Gross/Large Motor Using the large muscles of body, such as arms legs Infants (0 - 12 months) Toddlers (12 - 36 months) Preschoolers (3 -5 years) School-age Children (5 - 8 years) Anecdotal Records/Notes An observer's reports of a child's actions, usually concentrating on a specific behavior or area of development Transitions Periods in an early childhood classroom during which children move from one activity to the next Sensory Table Table in the sensory area that gives children the opportunity to experience the sensations related to water and sand. Also known as a water or sand table Brain development/Connections How the brain develops in a baby's first year of life has profound effects on the baby's whole life, by first birthday, 75 percent of brain's wiring will be completed Fire Drills Performed every 30 days Pre-Reading/Reading Print awareness, Book handling skills, Sound and rhythms of spoken language, Letter knowledge, Vocabulary development, Comprehending stories. READING SKILLS: Use knowledge of letter sounds to solve unknown words, uses language, memory, pictures, and print as major cues to read and understand text, analyzes new words and checks them against what makes sense and sounds rights, begins to retell the major points of the text. Stages of Writing Progresses from using scribbles, shapes, and pictures to represent ideas, to using letter-like symbols, to copying or writing familiar words such as their own name. Use inventive and phonetic writing to form words to convey ideas or tell a story. Manipulatives Official definition of 'manipulate' means 'to treat or operate with or as with the hands or by mechanical means especially in a skillful manner.' Educational math manipulatives are things the children can actually touch and pick up with their hands. They come in all shapes, colors and sizes. Manipulatives can give the student a three dimensional hands-on picture of the concepts they are learning. Manipulatives are usually cubes, rods, tiles or cards with or without numbers on them. Cultural Diversity The National Association for the Education of Young Children's (NAEYC) recommendations emphasize that early childhood programs are responsible for creating a welcoming environment that respects diversity, supports children's ties to their families and community, and promotes both second language acquisition and preservation of children's home languages and cultural identities. School age Classroom Environment Classroom space arranged for cooperative learning/play Toddler Classroom Environment Toys are easily accessible to children multiples of favorite toys Small/Whole Group Small group of 3 -5 children Whole group - the entire class of children Scaffolding A Play Sequence The process of structuring the learning experiences around existing knowledge and offering challenge that is just beyond the child's current level of understanding and ability.