Immunology and Serology Exam 1 Questions with complete solutions

What is the difference between precipitation and agglutination reactions? correct answer: Precipitation- visual aggregation of soluble test antigens with antibodies. Agglutination- visual aggregation of particulate test antigens. What body fluids can be utilized for serological studies on patients? correct answer: Plasma, CSF, Amniotic fluid, bone marrow, seminal and vaginal fluids, urine What major cells are found within the peripheral blood? What is the lineage for each? correct answer: Lymphoid- T cell, B cell Myeloid- neutrophil, macrophage, eosinophil, mast cell Erythrocytes Platelets What are the steps involved with the formation of the platelet plug during clot formation? correct answer: Platelets aggregate at the injury site. Binds collagen fibers. The platelet plug blocks blood loss and stimulates the coagulation cascade. What is immunophenotyping? correct answer: Study of surface markers that differentiate one immune system from another What is the difference between serum and plasma? correct answer: Serum- straw-colored fluid lacking coagulation factors. Plasma- contains coagulation factors. What are some of the major clotting factors and what are the roles they play in clot formation? correct answer: Fibrinogen- precursor factor to clot formation. Fibrin- formed when fibrinogen is exposed to thrombin, provides structure to the clot. Thrombin- enzyme that acts on fibrinogen during the coagulation cascade. Factor XIII- stimulated by thrombin to convert fibrin monomers into fibrin polymers, required for the formation of the diagnostic indicator of thrombosis.