NUR 231 FINAL EXAM REVIEW

NUR 231 FINAL EXAM REVIEW. Understand the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and complications of the following: Wound healing o Types of cellular healing o Resolution: minimal tissue damage, quick resolution of injury o Regeneration: tissue regeneration by new cells, only occurs if cells are able to regenerate o Replacement: original cell cannot regenerate  Result: normal cells are replaced by another type of cell (usually connective / scar tissue)  Can result in V fxn  Ex: cardiac tissue, nerve tissue o Healing precess:1st & 2nd intention o First intention: sutured (ex/ if you had stitches) o Second intention: “open healing”  Left to heal on its own  Increased fibrinous and scar tissue o Complications od healing o Loss of fxn o Contracture o Adhesions o Hypertrophic scar tissue formation (Keliod) o Ulceration o Metaplasia Inflammation process, exudate formation. 1 VASODILATION a Leads to greater blood flow to the area of inflammation; resulting in redness and heat 2 VASCULAR PERMEABILITY a Endothelial cells become “leaky” from either direct endothelial injury or via chemical mediators 3 EXUDATION a Fluid, proteins, RBCs, and WBCs escape from the intravascular space as a result of increased osmotic pressure extravascularly and increased hydrostatic pressure intravascularly Injury cells release chemical mediators vasodilation (increased blood flow) increased capillary permeability WBCs move to site of injury phagocytosis o Exudate: fluid collection at site of ^ vascular permeability o Serous: clear yellow fluid inflammatory would healing stage o Fibrinous: high amounts of fibrin (clotting factor)