Introduction to Sociology - Milestone 4

The division of labor includes a variety of positions, from doctors to truck drivers. According to Davis and Moore, why are some positions better-paid than others? • None of the answer choices are correct. • If all positions were paid (approximately) equally, there would be no incentive to enter professions that are most-needed by society. • Some positions are filled only by upper-class people, who demand higher pay. • Some positions have a higher status. Those who work in those positions earn more. Researchers have found that, even when income and neighborhood quality are similar, banks are more likely to reject home mortgage applications from minority applicants than from white people. This is an example of which of the following? • Miscegenation • Stereotyping • Prejudice • Institutionalized discrimination Thorstein Veblen coined the term __________ to describe the outrageous display of wealth and symbols of wealth. • conspicuous consumption • white-collar • capitalism • meritocracy James has strong negative attitudes towards immigrants. He believes that immigrants are the reason why he doesn't have a job. James' beliefs about immigrants are an example of which of the following? • Prejudice • Ethnic discrimination • Racism • Discrimination A nation that has increased its standard of living so that most people can now acquire many products and services whenever they want, is in which of Rostow's stages of modernization? • High mass consumption • Drive to technological maturity • Traditional stage • Take-off stage Which of the following is a correct pairing? • Gender roles Discrimination based on sex • Patriarchy Rule by females • Gender roles Socially-structured responsibilities that are part of being male or female • Intersectionality The theory of how race influences opportunities Classmates Jenna and Damion discuss some of the topics that have come up in their sociology course. Jenna says, (A) "__________ is a problem in the United States, because there are too many people living in shelters and on the streets." Damion replies, "That's true, but the best way to deal with the problem is through trickle-down economics and (B) __________ — giving tax breaks to corporations so that they will create jobs." • (A) Relative poverty, (B) individual welfare • (A) Functional poverty, (B) corporate welfare • (A) Homelessness, (B) individual welfare • (A) Homelessness, (B) corporate welfare The Kuznets curve is a graphical representation of which of the following ideas? • Technological advances have an unpredictable relationship to social inequality. • Technological advances increase inequality in society before decreasing it. • Technological advances always lead to less inequality. • Technological advances always lead to more inequality. Which of the following is a correct pairing? • Sexual harassment Harassment that always occurs in the home • Feminism Support for equality between men and women • Sexual harassment Harassment that only involves physical contact • Feminism A position that promotes female dominance over men Emma is researching how different statuses, inlcuding race and gender, overlap to impact overall socioeconomic status. Emma's research pertains to which of the following theories? • Intersectionality theory • Structural-functional theory • Race conflict theory • Feminist theory Which of the following is an example of neocolonialism? • The United States facilitates the assassination of a socialist president so that a capitalist military leader can come to power in Chile. • Spanish settlers establish a colony in South America. • The United States invades Iraq and works to build a democratic nation. • A multinational mining corporation gains control of the tin mines in Bolivia through close ties with (and payments to) the Bolivian government. According to Karl Marx, __________ experience exploitation and inequality. • capitalists • colonial powers •