In conducting this research, researchers have an important theoretical foundation from various
sources related to research. Those explain below:
1. 21st century
21st century skills is the ability to keep up with the technological developments. In this century,
technology has become part of people's lives from various aspects (Abdulah & Nugroho, 2016)
(as cited in Sulistyaningrum, 2019, p. 143). In the world of education, 21st century skills are a
basic requirement for students. For this reason, there are many challenges that must be prepared
by teachers and students in facing this 21st century. Trilling & Fadel (2009) states that 21st
century skills are of particular importance for students in facing and surviving in a technological
era. In line with the above opinion, Kurma (as cited in Trilling and Fadel, 2009) 21st Century
Skills provides specifi c recommendations for how we can — indeed must — change the
curriculum, teaching, assessment, use of technology, and the organization of our schools to
better prepare students to be productive, creative citizens and workers in the global society and
economy of the 21st century. So, every student must be equipped with 21st century skills as said
by Wagner (2010) and Lunenburg (2010) (as cited in Redhana, 2019), namely: critical thinking
and problem solving, collaboration and leadership, agility and adaptability, initiative. and
entrepreneurial spirit, able to communicate effectively both orally and in writing, able to access
and analyze information, and have curiosity and imagination.
From the explanation above, we can conclude that 21st century skills are the ability to survive
and succeed by utilizing technology. In terms of education, 21st century skills also have a
significant role because learning in the past and present era is different. These aspects must be
taught to students so that they can prepare themselves for the challenges of this century. They
must be taught how to think critically, cooperate well, communicate and have high creativity.
2. Efl teacher
EFL Teacher is a profession that teaches knowledge to its students. The discussion of effective
teachers in teaching in the 21st century is very important. This is in line with the opinion of
sources related to research. Those explain below:
1. 21st century
21st century skills is the ability to keep up with the technological developments. In this century,
technology has become part of people's lives from various aspects (Abdulah & Nugroho, 2016)
(as cited in Sulistyaningrum, 2019, p. 143). In the world of education, 21st century skills are a
basic requirement for students. For this reason, there are many challenges that must be prepared
by teachers and students in facing this 21st century. Trilling & Fadel (2009) states that 21st
century skills are of particular importance for students in facing and surviving in a technological
era. In line with the above opinion, Kurma (as cited in Trilling and Fadel, 2009) 21st Century
Skills provides specifi c recommendations for how we can — indeed must — change the
curriculum, teaching, assessment, use of technology, and the organization of our schools to
better prepare students to be productive, creative citizens and workers in the global society and
economy of the 21st century. So, every student must be equipped with 21st century skills as said
by Wagner (2010) and Lunenburg (2010) (as cited in Redhana, 2019), namely: critical thinking
and problem solving, collaboration and leadership, agility and adaptability, initiative. and
entrepreneurial spirit, able to communicate effectively both orally and in writing, able to access
and analyze information, and have curiosity and imagination.
From the explanation above, we can conclude that 21st century skills are the ability to survive
and succeed by utilizing technology. In terms of education, 21st century skills also have a
significant role because learning in the past and present era is different. These aspects must be
taught to students so that they can prepare themselves for the challenges of this century. They
must be taught how to think critically, cooperate well, communicate and have high creativity.
2. Efl teacher
EFL Teacher is a profession that teaches knowledge to its students. The discussion of effective
teachers in teaching in the 21st century is very important. This is in line with the opinion of
