NUR 176 Exam 2 2026/2027 | Increased ICP, Stroke, Seizures, Renal & GI Nursing Questions and Answers

This NUR 176 Exam 2 2026/2027 study guide provides 19 pages of exam questions, correct answers, and concentrated review material covering neurological nursing, increased intracranial pressure (ICP), stroke, seizures, multiple sclerosis, meningitis, renal and urinary disorders, dialysis, gastrointestinal disorders, isolation precautions, delegation, and IV calculations. The document moves from neurological assessment and emergency priorities into renal, urinary, and GI nursing, making it a broad Exam 2 preparation resource for students reviewing medical-surgical nursing concepts. The neurological section provides detailed coverage of delirium, increased ICP, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), head trauma, stroke, aphasia, dysphagia, seizures, and neurological medications. Students review early versus late manifestations of increased ICP, Cushing’s triad, decorticate and decerebrate posturing, positioning with the head of bed elevated, mannitol therapy, cervical-spine protection after head trauma, basilar skull fracture findings, and cerebrospinal-fluid leakage. The material also identifies the components and scoring range of the Glasgow Coma Scale and connects severe neurological deterioration with changes in consciousness and posturing. The stroke section distinguishes ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke and reviews CT imaging, hypertension as a modifiable risk factor, the BE FAST recognition framework, left- versus right-sided stroke manifestations, expressive and receptive aphasia, dysphagia, aspiration precautions, swallow evaluation, and thrombolytic therapy. It also discusses neurological and bleeding monitoring following tPA and kidney-function monitoring following contrast-enhanced CT studies. The seizure and central nervous system material covers status epilepticus, focal seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, absence seizures, atonic seizures, seizure precautions, postictal care, multiple sclerosis, meningitis, and encephalitis. Medication review includes phenytoin, levetiracetam (Keppra), carbamazepine, valproic acid, glatiramer acetate (Copaxone), corticosteroids, mannitol, and benzodiazepines. The document connects these medications with monitoring topics such as gingival hyperplasia, CBC assessment, liver enzymes, injection-site reactions, and serious adverse effects. Renal and urinary nursing receives substantial attention through UTIs, BPH, TURP, continuous bladder irrigation, urinary retention and incontinence, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and renal dietary restrictions. The guide reviews kidney-failure laboratory patterns involving BUN, creatinine, potassium, and GFR; fistula precautions; dialysis-associated hypotension; and recognition of peritonitis through cloudy peritoneal-dialysis drainage, abdominal pain, and fever. The gastrointestinal section reviews celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, ostomy assessment, appendicitis, and peritonitis. Students are expected to distinguish skip lesions in Crohn’s disease from continuous colonic involvement in ulcerative colitis, recognize gluten as the trigger addressed in the document's celiac-disease review, identify a healthy ostomy, and recognize findings associated with appendicitis and peritoneal inflammation. The final material reinforces contact, droplet, and airborne precautions; RN, LPN, and UAP responsibilities; IV flow-rate calculations; and the ABC/safety/unstable-before-stable priority framework used in nursing questions. Relevant students: This document is relevant to NUR 176 students preparing for Exam 2 during the 2026/2027 academic year, particularly students studying medical-surgical and adult-health nursing. It can also support practical nursing and registered nursing students reviewing neurological emergencies, stroke care, seizure management, renal failure, dialysis, urinary disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, infection precautions, nursing delegation, and prioritization. The uploaded document does not identify a university or college, so an institution name has not been added to the title rather than attributing the material to an unsupported school. 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