1
HESI LPN-ADN ENTRANCE TEST BANK 2026/2027 |
NURSING ADMISSION ASSESSMENT | 200
VERIFIED Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-
ALIGNED | PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY – Questions 1–40
Q1: Skeletal System – Bone Growth
Which structure is responsible for longitudinal bone growth in children?
A. Periosteum
B. Epiphyseal plate
C. Diaphysis
D. Medullary cavity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The epiphyseal plate (growth plate) is a layer of hyaline cartilage at the ends of long
bones where new bone cells are produced, allowing for longitudinal growth. It closes after puberty.
[100% CORRECT]
Q2: Muscular System – Muscle Types
Which type of muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs?
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Cardiac muscle
C. Smooth muscle
D. Striated muscle
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Smooth muscle is involuntary, non-striated, and found in the walls of hollow organs
(intestines, blood vessels, bladder). Cardiac muscle is involuntary but striated. Skeletal muscle is
voluntary and striated. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Nervous System – Brain Lobes
Which lobe of the brain is responsible for vision?
A. Frontal lobe
B. Parietal lobe
C. Temporal lobe
D. Occipital lobe
,2
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The occipital lobe is located at the back of the brain and is responsible for processing
visual information. The frontal lobe controls executive function, the parietal lobe sensory processing,
and the temporal lobe hearing and memory. [100% CORRECT]
Q4: Cardiovascular System – Blood Flow Through the Heart
What is the correct order of blood flow through the heart?
A. Right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → body
B. Right atrium → left atrium → right ventricle → left ventricle → lungs → body
C. Left atrium → left ventricle → lungs → right atrium → right ventricle → body
D. Left ventricle → left atrium → lungs → right ventricle → right atrium → body
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, goes to the right ventricle, then to the lungs
for oxygenation. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium, goes to the left ventricle, and is
pumped to the body. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Respiratory System – Bronchial Tree
Which structure is the first branch of the trachea?
A. Primary bronchi
B. Secondary bronchi
C. Bronchioles
D. Alveolar ducts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The trachea bifurcates into the right and left primary bronchi. These then branch into
secondary bronchi, then tertiary bronchi, then bronchioles, and finally alveoli. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Endocrine System – Hormone Regulation
Which gland is known as the "master gland"?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Pineal gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it secretes hormones that control
other endocrine glands. It is regulated by the hypothalamus. [100% CORRECT]
,3
Q7: Urinary System – Kidney Anatomy
What is the outer region of the kidney called?
A. Medulla
B. Cortex
C. Pelvis
D. Capsule
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney containing the glomeruli and
convoluted tubules. The medulla is the inner region with the loops of Henle and collecting ducts.
[100% CORRECT]
Q8: Digestive System – Peristalsis
What is peristalsis?
A. Wave-like contractions that move food through the digestive tract
B. Absorption of nutrients in the small intestine
C. Secretion of digestive enzymes
D. Storage of waste in the rectum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peristalsis is involuntary wave-like muscle contractions that propel food and waste
through the digestive tract. [100% CORRECT]
Q9: Cardiovascular System – Cardiac Output
What is the formula for cardiac output?
A. Heart rate × stroke volume
B. Heart rate ÷ stroke volume
C. Stroke volume ÷ heart rate
D. Blood pressure × heart rate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cardiac output (CO) = heart rate (HR) × stroke volume (SV). Normal CO is 4–8 L/min.
[100% CORRECT]
Q10: Nervous System – Spinal Nerves
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
A. 12
B. 24
C. 31
D. 42
, 4
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves: 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1
coccygeal. [100% CORRECT]
Q11: Endocrine System – Diabetes Insipidus
Which hormone deficiency causes diabetes insipidus?
A. Insulin
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Aldosterone
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus is caused by a deficiency of ADH (vasopressin), leading to excessive
urine output (polyuria) and thirst (polydipsia). [100% CORRECT]
Q12: Respiratory System – Respiratory Rate
What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult at rest?
A. 8–12 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
C. 20–30 breaths/min
D. 30–40 breaths/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal adult respiratory rate is 12–20 breaths per minute. Tachypnea is >20, bradypnea
is <12. [100% CORRECT]
Q13: Urinary System – Micturition
What is micturition?
A. Filtration of blood in the glomerulus
B. Reabsorption of water in the tubules
C. The process of urination
D. Production of erythropoietin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Micturition is the process of urination, involving contraction of the detrusor muscle and
relaxation of sphincters. [100% CORRECT]
Q14: Digestive System – Vitamin Absorption
Where is vitamin B12 absorbed?
HESI LPN-ADN ENTRANCE TEST BANK 2026/2027 |
NURSING ADMISSION ASSESSMENT | 200
VERIFIED Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-
ALIGNED | PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY – Questions 1–40
Q1: Skeletal System – Bone Growth
Which structure is responsible for longitudinal bone growth in children?
A. Periosteum
B. Epiphyseal plate
C. Diaphysis
D. Medullary cavity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The epiphyseal plate (growth plate) is a layer of hyaline cartilage at the ends of long
bones where new bone cells are produced, allowing for longitudinal growth. It closes after puberty.
[100% CORRECT]
Q2: Muscular System – Muscle Types
Which type of muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs?
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Cardiac muscle
C. Smooth muscle
D. Striated muscle
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Smooth muscle is involuntary, non-striated, and found in the walls of hollow organs
(intestines, blood vessels, bladder). Cardiac muscle is involuntary but striated. Skeletal muscle is
voluntary and striated. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Nervous System – Brain Lobes
Which lobe of the brain is responsible for vision?
A. Frontal lobe
B. Parietal lobe
C. Temporal lobe
D. Occipital lobe
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Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The occipital lobe is located at the back of the brain and is responsible for processing
visual information. The frontal lobe controls executive function, the parietal lobe sensory processing,
and the temporal lobe hearing and memory. [100% CORRECT]
Q4: Cardiovascular System – Blood Flow Through the Heart
What is the correct order of blood flow through the heart?
A. Right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → body
B. Right atrium → left atrium → right ventricle → left ventricle → lungs → body
C. Left atrium → left ventricle → lungs → right atrium → right ventricle → body
D. Left ventricle → left atrium → lungs → right ventricle → right atrium → body
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, goes to the right ventricle, then to the lungs
for oxygenation. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium, goes to the left ventricle, and is
pumped to the body. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Respiratory System – Bronchial Tree
Which structure is the first branch of the trachea?
A. Primary bronchi
B. Secondary bronchi
C. Bronchioles
D. Alveolar ducts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The trachea bifurcates into the right and left primary bronchi. These then branch into
secondary bronchi, then tertiary bronchi, then bronchioles, and finally alveoli. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Endocrine System – Hormone Regulation
Which gland is known as the "master gland"?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Pineal gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it secretes hormones that control
other endocrine glands. It is regulated by the hypothalamus. [100% CORRECT]
,3
Q7: Urinary System – Kidney Anatomy
What is the outer region of the kidney called?
A. Medulla
B. Cortex
C. Pelvis
D. Capsule
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney containing the glomeruli and
convoluted tubules. The medulla is the inner region with the loops of Henle and collecting ducts.
[100% CORRECT]
Q8: Digestive System – Peristalsis
What is peristalsis?
A. Wave-like contractions that move food through the digestive tract
B. Absorption of nutrients in the small intestine
C. Secretion of digestive enzymes
D. Storage of waste in the rectum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peristalsis is involuntary wave-like muscle contractions that propel food and waste
through the digestive tract. [100% CORRECT]
Q9: Cardiovascular System – Cardiac Output
What is the formula for cardiac output?
A. Heart rate × stroke volume
B. Heart rate ÷ stroke volume
C. Stroke volume ÷ heart rate
D. Blood pressure × heart rate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cardiac output (CO) = heart rate (HR) × stroke volume (SV). Normal CO is 4–8 L/min.
[100% CORRECT]
Q10: Nervous System – Spinal Nerves
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
A. 12
B. 24
C. 31
D. 42
, 4
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves: 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1
coccygeal. [100% CORRECT]
Q11: Endocrine System – Diabetes Insipidus
Which hormone deficiency causes diabetes insipidus?
A. Insulin
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Aldosterone
D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus is caused by a deficiency of ADH (vasopressin), leading to excessive
urine output (polyuria) and thirst (polydipsia). [100% CORRECT]
Q12: Respiratory System – Respiratory Rate
What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult at rest?
A. 8–12 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
C. 20–30 breaths/min
D. 30–40 breaths/min
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal adult respiratory rate is 12–20 breaths per minute. Tachypnea is >20, bradypnea
is <12. [100% CORRECT]
Q13: Urinary System – Micturition
What is micturition?
A. Filtration of blood in the glomerulus
B. Reabsorption of water in the tubules
C. The process of urination
D. Production of erythropoietin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Micturition is the process of urination, involving contraction of the detrusor muscle and
relaxation of sphincters. [100% CORRECT]
Q14: Digestive System – Vitamin Absorption
Where is vitamin B12 absorbed?
