N 138 FINAL EXAM
TESTBANK REVIEW
Fundamentals of Nursing
30+ Q&A with Correct Answers
& Rationales
Subject: Fundamentals of Nursing / Nursing Foundations
Level: Bachelor's / Associate Degree – Nursing
Year: 2026
Author: Nursing Student
� TOPICS COVERED
✅Nursing Theory – Systems Theory, Maslow, Kohlberg
✅Ethical Theories – Deontology, Utilitarianism, Double Effect
✅Research & EBP – Research Process, Translational Research
✅Health Promotion & Illness Prevention
✅Levels of Health Care – Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
✅Nursing Roles – Advocate, Primary Nursing, Case Management
✅Healthcare Economics – Cost-Containment, Quality of Care
✅Data Collection – Validity, Reliability
✅Correct Answers with Detailed Rationales
✅Perfect for N 138 Final Exam Prep
N 138 Final Exam Testbank Review – 30+ Q&A with Correct Answers |
Fundamentals of Nursing | Nursing Foundations
,1. 1. Who is credited with developing the theory on systems?
a. Rogers
b. Maslow
c. Rosenstock
d. von Bertalanffy: ANS: D. von Bertalanffy
Ludwig von Bertalanffy developed the theory of systems.
Carl Rogers developed a theory of personhood.
Abraham Maslow developed a human needs
theory.
I. M. Rosenstock developed a health belief model.
2. 2. Which of the following is true of open systems?
a. They have very little interaction with the environment.
b. Parts are independent of each other.
c. Exchange of information is sporadic and intermittent.
d. The whole is greater than the sum of all of its parts.: ANS: D. The whole is
greater than the sum of all of its parts.
In systems the whole is greater than the sum of all of its parts.
, Open systems interact with the
environment. Parts of a system are
interrelated.
The exchange of information is continuous and dynamic.
3. 3. Dynamic balance between systems and their parts is called
a. synergy.
b. homeostasis.
c. inertia.
d. suprasystems.: ANS: B. homeostasis.
The dynamic balance within and between open systems and their
suprasystems is homeostasis.
Synergy occurs when all parts of the system are working collaboratively.
Inertia is a term in physics that describes the tendency of matter to
continue in its current state, whether moving or resting.
Suprasystems are the system and all of its subsystems.
4. 7. A school-aged child with spina bifida uses a wheelchair, attends school, and is
actively involved in Scouting and science club. This child is meeting which of Maslows
basic needs?
a. Safety needs
b. Love and belonging needs
c. Esteem needs
d. Self-actualization: ANS: B. Love and belonging needs
Maslow identified the third level of needs as love and belonging. This
child has demonstrated the social relationships and group affiliations.
TESTBANK REVIEW
Fundamentals of Nursing
30+ Q&A with Correct Answers
& Rationales
Subject: Fundamentals of Nursing / Nursing Foundations
Level: Bachelor's / Associate Degree – Nursing
Year: 2026
Author: Nursing Student
� TOPICS COVERED
✅Nursing Theory – Systems Theory, Maslow, Kohlberg
✅Ethical Theories – Deontology, Utilitarianism, Double Effect
✅Research & EBP – Research Process, Translational Research
✅Health Promotion & Illness Prevention
✅Levels of Health Care – Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
✅Nursing Roles – Advocate, Primary Nursing, Case Management
✅Healthcare Economics – Cost-Containment, Quality of Care
✅Data Collection – Validity, Reliability
✅Correct Answers with Detailed Rationales
✅Perfect for N 138 Final Exam Prep
N 138 Final Exam Testbank Review – 30+ Q&A with Correct Answers |
Fundamentals of Nursing | Nursing Foundations
,1. 1. Who is credited with developing the theory on systems?
a. Rogers
b. Maslow
c. Rosenstock
d. von Bertalanffy: ANS: D. von Bertalanffy
Ludwig von Bertalanffy developed the theory of systems.
Carl Rogers developed a theory of personhood.
Abraham Maslow developed a human needs
theory.
I. M. Rosenstock developed a health belief model.
2. 2. Which of the following is true of open systems?
a. They have very little interaction with the environment.
b. Parts are independent of each other.
c. Exchange of information is sporadic and intermittent.
d. The whole is greater than the sum of all of its parts.: ANS: D. The whole is
greater than the sum of all of its parts.
In systems the whole is greater than the sum of all of its parts.
, Open systems interact with the
environment. Parts of a system are
interrelated.
The exchange of information is continuous and dynamic.
3. 3. Dynamic balance between systems and their parts is called
a. synergy.
b. homeostasis.
c. inertia.
d. suprasystems.: ANS: B. homeostasis.
The dynamic balance within and between open systems and their
suprasystems is homeostasis.
Synergy occurs when all parts of the system are working collaboratively.
Inertia is a term in physics that describes the tendency of matter to
continue in its current state, whether moving or resting.
Suprasystems are the system and all of its subsystems.
4. 7. A school-aged child with spina bifida uses a wheelchair, attends school, and is
actively involved in Scouting and science club. This child is meeting which of Maslows
basic needs?
a. Safety needs
b. Love and belonging needs
c. Esteem needs
d. Self-actualization: ANS: B. Love and belonging needs
Maslow identified the third level of needs as love and belonging. This
child has demonstrated the social relationships and group affiliations.
