WGU D075 Information Technology Management Essentials Test Bank & Practice Questions 2026/2027

A retail website stores small files in a private folder on a customer’s computer. The files record browsing activity, remember login preferences, and help the company deliver targeted advertisements. Which technology is being used? A. Session variables B. Tracking cookies C. Encryption certificates D. Browser plug-ins Correct Answer: B. Tracking cookies Rationale: Tracking cookies are small files stored on a user’s device to record browsing behavior, preferences, and interactions across websites or sessions. Session variables are generally stored temporarily by a server. Encryption certificates verify identities and secure connections, while browser plug-ins extend browser functionality rather than primarily tracking user activity. Question 2: A company is experiencing repeated network outages. Management assigns an employee to configure routers, install network software, monitor performance, and maintain connectivity between workstations. Which position is most directly responsible for these duties? A. Database administrator B. Network administrator C. Systems analyst D. Web developer Correct Answer: B. Network administrator Rationale: A network administrator manages the organization’s network hardware, software, connectivity, security settings, and daily operations. A database administrator manages stored data and database performance. A systems analyst evaluates business requirements and recommends solutions, while a web developer creates and maintains websites or web-based applications. 3: homeowner uses a smartphone to adjust the thermostat, view a doorbell camera, control lighting, and receive alerts from a refrigerator. Which concept best describes the connection of these household devices to digital networks? A. Virtual reality B. Internet of Things C. Cloud database normalization D. Desktop virtualization Correct Answer: B. Internet of Things Rationale: The Internet of Things connects physical objects containing sensors, processors, or communication capabilities to networks so that they can collect data and be remotely monitored or controlled. Virtual reality creates simulated environments. Database normalization organizes stored data, while desktop virtualization provides access to computer environments remotely. Question 4: A student wants to connect an external keyboard, flash drive, printer, and smartphone to a laptop. Which computer interface is designed primarily to connect these types of peripheral devices? A. Universal Serial Bus B. Central processing unit C. Random-access memory D. Internet Protocol address Correct Answer: A. Universal Serial Bus Rationale: A Universal Serial Bus, or USB, provides a standardized connection for peripheral devices such as keyboards, storage drives, printers, cameras, and smartphones. The CPU performs instructions, RAM temporarily stores active data, and an IP address identifies a device on a network rather than physically connecting peripherals. Question 5: A computer must perform billions of arithmetic and logical operations while running a data-analysis program. Which component is primarily responsible for executing these instructions? A. Solid-state drive B. Central processing unit C. Network interface controller D. Power supply unit Correct Answer: B. Central processing unit Rationale: The central processing unit executes software instructions and performs arithmetic, logical, and control operations. A solid-state drive stores files and programs, while a network interface controller connects the computer to a network. The power supply converts electrical power for use by the computer’s components but does not execute instructions. Question 6: An employee uses a word processor to prepare a report and a PDF reader to review a contract. How should these programs be classified? A. Application software B. Operating system software C. Firmware D. Network protocols Correct Answer: A. Application software Rationale: Application software helps users perform specific tasks, including writing documents, reading PDFs, analyzing data, or creating presentations. An operating system manages hardware and system resources. Firmware provides low-level control within hardware devices, while network protocols define rules for communication between devices. Question 7: A computer simultaneously runs several programs, stores documents in organized folders, and assigns memory to active applications. Which operating-system responsibilities are illustrated? A. Marketing, accounting, and production management B. File, memory, and process management C. Encryption, copyright, and patent management D. Web hosting, programming, and database design Correct Answer: B. File, memory, and process management Rationale: An operating system manages files, allocates memory, and controls active processes so programs can run efficiently. Marketing, accounting, and production are business functions. Copyright and patent management concern intellectual property, while web hosting, programming, and database design are technology activities rather than the operating system’s three central management functions. 8: user removes a paragraph from one document and inserts it into another using the cut-and-paste commands. Which resource temporarily holds the paragraph during this process? A. Read-only memory B. Clipboard memory C. Cloud storage D. Optical storage Correct Answer: B. Clipboard memory Rationale: Cut-and-paste operations place selected content temporarily on the clipboard, a short-term memory area used to transfer data between locations or applications. Read-only memory stores permanent startup instructions. Cloud storage keeps information on remote servers, while optical storage uses media such as CDs or DVDs for longer-term storage. Question 9: A desktop computer cannot connect to the company’s wired Ethernet network because the component that provides its physical network connection has failed. Which device should be replaced? A. Graphics processing unit B. Network interface controller C. Central processing unit D. Audio adapter Correct Answer: B. Network interface controller Rationale: A network interface controller, commonly called a NIC or network card, enables a computer to communicate through an Ethernet or wireless network. A graphics processing unit handles visual processing. The CPU executes instructions, while an audio adapter manages sound input and output rather than network connectivity. Question 10: A network technician needs to distinguish two computers that may receive different IP addresses over time. Which identifier is permanently associated with each device’s network interface? A. Domain name B. MAC address C. Website URL D. User password Correct Answer: B. MAC address Rationale: A Media Access Control address is a hardware-level identifier assigned to a network interface and is used to distinguish devices on a local network. IP addresses may change, particularly when assigned dynamically. Domain names identify internet resources, URLs identify specific locations, and passwords authenticate users rather than hardware.