DEMENTIA – LATEST
REVISED EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS – 2026 UPDATED
EDITION
Definition of dementia
Dementia is a syndrome resulting from acquired brain disease. It is characterized by
a progressive decline in memory and other cognitive domains that, when severe
enough, interferes with daily living and independent functioning.
Dementia symptoms
Attention and processing speed
Learning and memory
Reasoning and executive functioning
Perceptual abilities (e.g., sensitivity light, unable to find objects in view)
Language
Behavioral/psychosocial changes
can include
-Anger/agression
- Anxiety/agitation
- Paranoia
- Mood fluctuations
- Loss of initiative/motivation
,- Wandering
(Always Listen, Respond Politely Like Brian)
Dementia AKA
Major neurocognitive disorder
NOT dementia
-Depression
-Delirium
-Age-related memory decline
-Other conditions that have inconsistent symptoms or are temporary and/or treatable
Infections
Toxicity
Vitamin B-12 deficiency
Metabolic disorders
Hormonal dysfunction
pseudodementia due to psychiatric disorders
major cognitive disorder definition / major Major Neurocognitive Disorder
A significant decline from previous levels of performance in one or more cognitive
domains (preferably documented by standardized testing or clinical assessment).
cognitive deficits interfere with independence in everyday activities;cognitive deficits
do not occur exclusively in the context of delirium and
cognitive deficits are not better explained by other mental disorders, such as major
depressive disorder or schizophrenia
, Activity of daily living (ADL)
Bathing
Dressing
Grooming
Eating
Toileting
Transfering
Mild cognitive impairment AKA
Mild neurocognitive disorder
Mild cognitive impairment --> Mild neurocognitive disorder Definition
Evidence of modest (mild) cognitive decline from a previous level of performance in
one or more cognitive domains based on:- Concern of the individual, a
knowledgeable informant, or the clinician- A modest impairment in cognitive
performance, preferably documented by standardized neuropsychological testing
another quantified clinical assessment.
Mild cognitive impairment does NOT interfere with independence in ADLs, but may
require greater effort, compensatory strategies, or accommodation
Modificable risk factors for dementia
Less education
HTN
Hearing impairment
Smoking
Obesity
Depression
REVISED EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS – 2026 UPDATED
EDITION
Definition of dementia
Dementia is a syndrome resulting from acquired brain disease. It is characterized by
a progressive decline in memory and other cognitive domains that, when severe
enough, interferes with daily living and independent functioning.
Dementia symptoms
Attention and processing speed
Learning and memory
Reasoning and executive functioning
Perceptual abilities (e.g., sensitivity light, unable to find objects in view)
Language
Behavioral/psychosocial changes
can include
-Anger/agression
- Anxiety/agitation
- Paranoia
- Mood fluctuations
- Loss of initiative/motivation
,- Wandering
(Always Listen, Respond Politely Like Brian)
Dementia AKA
Major neurocognitive disorder
NOT dementia
-Depression
-Delirium
-Age-related memory decline
-Other conditions that have inconsistent symptoms or are temporary and/or treatable
Infections
Toxicity
Vitamin B-12 deficiency
Metabolic disorders
Hormonal dysfunction
pseudodementia due to psychiatric disorders
major cognitive disorder definition / major Major Neurocognitive Disorder
A significant decline from previous levels of performance in one or more cognitive
domains (preferably documented by standardized testing or clinical assessment).
cognitive deficits interfere with independence in everyday activities;cognitive deficits
do not occur exclusively in the context of delirium and
cognitive deficits are not better explained by other mental disorders, such as major
depressive disorder or schizophrenia
, Activity of daily living (ADL)
Bathing
Dressing
Grooming
Eating
Toileting
Transfering
Mild cognitive impairment AKA
Mild neurocognitive disorder
Mild cognitive impairment --> Mild neurocognitive disorder Definition
Evidence of modest (mild) cognitive decline from a previous level of performance in
one or more cognitive domains based on:- Concern of the individual, a
knowledgeable informant, or the clinician- A modest impairment in cognitive
performance, preferably documented by standardized neuropsychological testing
another quantified clinical assessment.
Mild cognitive impairment does NOT interfere with independence in ADLs, but may
require greater effort, compensatory strategies, or accommodation
Modificable risk factors for dementia
Less education
HTN
Hearing impairment
Smoking
Obesity
Depression
