APSC 4464 Learner Objectives Questions and
Correct Answers
Define the role of companion animals as sentinels for public health
Sentinels through, Feed contamination, Infectious diseases, Environmental Contaminants, and
Bioterrorism/ Chemical terrorism
Characteristics of companion animals role in feed contamination
-Renal failure from recalled pet food
-Melamine contaminated wheat gluten imported from China
-Pigs/ chickens for human consumption were exposed to contaminated feed and pulled from
animal food supply
Characteristics of companion animals role in infectious diseases
-Bartonella henselae (Cat scratch fever)
-Fleas infected with Bartonella bacteria from cats
-Dogs infected with Bartonella spp
-Dogs have a wide range of clinical abnormalities/ lesions very similar to Bartonella infection in
people (endocarditis)
-Potential risk of transmission between infected dogs and people
Examples of infectious diseases caused by companion animals
-Cat scratch disease (Contact with infected cat through broken skin like bite or scratch)
-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Tick borne disease, increased risk through contact with dogs
carrying ticks and contact with tick habitats)
,-Leishmaniasis
-Trypanosomiasis
Examples of environmental contaminants caused by companion animals
-Lead poisoning (ingestion from paint chips, water from lead pipes or improperly glazed ceramic
bowls)
-Environmental Pb exposure: serologic surveillance of blood -[Pb] in cats or dogs
-Industrial chemicals (exposure to propyl mercaptan)
Examples of Bioterrorism and Chemical terrorism with companion animals
-Animal sentinels server as an early warning system for bio/chem terrorism
What is a category A agent
The highest risk
What is a category C agent
Emerging threats fro disease
Biological agent examples
Anthrax, botulism, plague, tularemia (clinical disease in CA)
Vector borne disease
Potential as effective bioterrorism agents
Chemical agents
,Potential terrorist weapons: neurologic gases, heavy metals, cyanide compounds, pesticides,
dioxin, PCB's
Examples of category A agents
Anthrax, botulism, plague (flea bites), smallpox, tularemia (Tick bites), viral hemorrhagic fevers
(ebola, marburg, lassa, machupo)
Category B agents/diseases
-Brucellosis
-Glanders
-Psittacosis
-Q fever
-Typhus fever
-Viral encephalitis
-Toxins (Clostridium P)
-Food safety threats (Salmonella)
-Water safety (Cholera)
Category C
-NIPAH Virus (Distemper in dogs and cats)
-Hantavirus (Found in rodents not in domestic animals)
What are some intentional animal sentinels
Unvaccinated pigs
What qualifies an animal as a sentinel
, -Animal must be susceptible to the disease
-The animal must be able to generate a measurable clinical/ immunologic disease response
-Ideally pose little risk of zoonotic transmission
What is a sentinel
Animal susceptible or sensitive to a particular environmental factor whos illness or death serves
to warn humans of an impending danger
What is an inactivated vaccine
-Killed
-Highly stable preparation of whole cell virus or bacteria (not capable of replicating)
-2 initial doses
-Less immunogenic and tend to not have an extended duration of immunity (memory) than
attenuated vaccines
-Adjuvants
-Simulate primarily a systemic humoral immunity
-Post-vaccinal reactions
-All canine rabies vaccines, leptospirosis (2- and 4-serovar), Some lyme, paternal bordetella
bronchiseptica, all canine influenza, some feline leukemia
-Considered the safest vaccine type
-Administered SQ or IM
What is a Adjuvant
Correct Answers
Define the role of companion animals as sentinels for public health
Sentinels through, Feed contamination, Infectious diseases, Environmental Contaminants, and
Bioterrorism/ Chemical terrorism
Characteristics of companion animals role in feed contamination
-Renal failure from recalled pet food
-Melamine contaminated wheat gluten imported from China
-Pigs/ chickens for human consumption were exposed to contaminated feed and pulled from
animal food supply
Characteristics of companion animals role in infectious diseases
-Bartonella henselae (Cat scratch fever)
-Fleas infected with Bartonella bacteria from cats
-Dogs infected with Bartonella spp
-Dogs have a wide range of clinical abnormalities/ lesions very similar to Bartonella infection in
people (endocarditis)
-Potential risk of transmission between infected dogs and people
Examples of infectious diseases caused by companion animals
-Cat scratch disease (Contact with infected cat through broken skin like bite or scratch)
-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Tick borne disease, increased risk through contact with dogs
carrying ticks and contact with tick habitats)
,-Leishmaniasis
-Trypanosomiasis
Examples of environmental contaminants caused by companion animals
-Lead poisoning (ingestion from paint chips, water from lead pipes or improperly glazed ceramic
bowls)
-Environmental Pb exposure: serologic surveillance of blood -[Pb] in cats or dogs
-Industrial chemicals (exposure to propyl mercaptan)
Examples of Bioterrorism and Chemical terrorism with companion animals
-Animal sentinels server as an early warning system for bio/chem terrorism
What is a category A agent
The highest risk
What is a category C agent
Emerging threats fro disease
Biological agent examples
Anthrax, botulism, plague, tularemia (clinical disease in CA)
Vector borne disease
Potential as effective bioterrorism agents
Chemical agents
,Potential terrorist weapons: neurologic gases, heavy metals, cyanide compounds, pesticides,
dioxin, PCB's
Examples of category A agents
Anthrax, botulism, plague (flea bites), smallpox, tularemia (Tick bites), viral hemorrhagic fevers
(ebola, marburg, lassa, machupo)
Category B agents/diseases
-Brucellosis
-Glanders
-Psittacosis
-Q fever
-Typhus fever
-Viral encephalitis
-Toxins (Clostridium P)
-Food safety threats (Salmonella)
-Water safety (Cholera)
Category C
-NIPAH Virus (Distemper in dogs and cats)
-Hantavirus (Found in rodents not in domestic animals)
What are some intentional animal sentinels
Unvaccinated pigs
What qualifies an animal as a sentinel
, -Animal must be susceptible to the disease
-The animal must be able to generate a measurable clinical/ immunologic disease response
-Ideally pose little risk of zoonotic transmission
What is a sentinel
Animal susceptible or sensitive to a particular environmental factor whos illness or death serves
to warn humans of an impending danger
What is an inactivated vaccine
-Killed
-Highly stable preparation of whole cell virus or bacteria (not capable of replicating)
-2 initial doses
-Less immunogenic and tend to not have an extended duration of immunity (memory) than
attenuated vaccines
-Adjuvants
-Simulate primarily a systemic humoral immunity
-Post-vaccinal reactions
-All canine rabies vaccines, leptospirosis (2- and 4-serovar), Some lyme, paternal bordetella
bronchiseptica, all canine influenza, some feline leukemia
-Considered the safest vaccine type
-Administered SQ or IM
What is a Adjuvant
