NUR631 / NUR 631 Midterm Exam |
Advanced Physiology and
Pathophysiology Exam | Questions and
Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade
A – GCU | Latest Update
DOMAIN 1: CELLULAR FUNCTION & ORGANELLES
Question 1
What is the largest cytoplasmic organelle?
A) Mitochondria
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Nucleus
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nucleus is the largest cytoplasmic organelle and serves
as the control center of the cell, containing the majority of the cell's
genetic material (DNA).
,Question 2
Which organelle contains the cell's DNA?
A) Nucleolus
B) Nucleus
C) Mitochondria
D) Ribosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nucleus contains the cell's DNA, which directs cellular
activities and contains the genetic information for protein synthesis.
Question 3
Where is RNA stored within the cell?
A) Nucleus
B) Nucleolus
C) Cytoplasm
D) Ribosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nucleolus, located within the nucleus, is responsible for
the synthesis and storage of ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Question 4
,Which organelle is known as the "GI tract of the cell" and is coated with
ribosomes?
A) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Lysosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is studded with
ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis and processing, earning it
the nickname "GI tract of the cell."
Question 5
What is the primary function of ribosomes?
A) Lipid metabolism
B) Protein synthesis
C) ATP production
D) Waste digestion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, translating
messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.
Question 6
, Which organelle is responsible for lipid metabolism and is abundant in
muscle cells for calcium release?
A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Peroxisomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is involved in
lipid metabolism, steroid hormone synthesis, and calcium
storage/release, particularly in muscle cells.
Question 7
Which organelle stores calcium and detoxifies alcohol from the cell?
A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) Mitochondria
D) Lysosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum stores calcium ions and
plays a role in detoxifying alcohol and other substances in liver cells.
Question 8
Advanced Physiology and
Pathophysiology Exam | Questions and
Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade
A – GCU | Latest Update
DOMAIN 1: CELLULAR FUNCTION & ORGANELLES
Question 1
What is the largest cytoplasmic organelle?
A) Mitochondria
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Nucleus
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nucleus is the largest cytoplasmic organelle and serves
as the control center of the cell, containing the majority of the cell's
genetic material (DNA).
,Question 2
Which organelle contains the cell's DNA?
A) Nucleolus
B) Nucleus
C) Mitochondria
D) Ribosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nucleus contains the cell's DNA, which directs cellular
activities and contains the genetic information for protein synthesis.
Question 3
Where is RNA stored within the cell?
A) Nucleus
B) Nucleolus
C) Cytoplasm
D) Ribosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nucleolus, located within the nucleus, is responsible for
the synthesis and storage of ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Question 4
,Which organelle is known as the "GI tract of the cell" and is coated with
ribosomes?
A) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Lysosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is studded with
ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis and processing, earning it
the nickname "GI tract of the cell."
Question 5
What is the primary function of ribosomes?
A) Lipid metabolism
B) Protein synthesis
C) ATP production
D) Waste digestion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, translating
messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.
Question 6
, Which organelle is responsible for lipid metabolism and is abundant in
muscle cells for calcium release?
A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Peroxisomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is involved in
lipid metabolism, steroid hormone synthesis, and calcium
storage/release, particularly in muscle cells.
Question 7
Which organelle stores calcium and detoxifies alcohol from the cell?
A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) Mitochondria
D) Lysosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum stores calcium ions and
plays a role in detoxifying alcohol and other substances in liver cells.
Question 8
