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• Type 1 diabetes acute presentation -✓✓DKA (30% of people will
present)
• Type 2 diabetes acute presentation -✓✓HHNS
• DKA -✓✓acetone and keytones increase! once treated expect
postassium to drop! have K+ ready
• Type 1 & 2 diabetes subacute presentation -✓✓Fatigue, thirst,
urination, weight loss
Most common in type 1
In type 2, it will be more vague symptoms and fatigue
• Most common way type two diabetes is diagnosed -✓✓Screening at
risk individuals
• Diabetes Mellitus -✓✓insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues
are resistant to its effects
• Prediabetes Hgb A1C -✓✓5.7-6.4%
,• Prediabetes 2 hour gtt -✓✓140-199
• Prediabetes fasting -✓✓00-125
• Diabetes Random -✓✓>=200
• Diabetes Fasting -✓✓>=126
• Diabetes 2hr gtt -✓✓>=200
• Type 1 diabetes -✓✓immune system attacks the beta cells in the
pancreas to prohibit them from releasing insulin
AUTOIMMUNE DISORDER
Usually presents in childhood
Genetic and environmental trigger
Insulin Deficiency
• Type 2 diabetes -✓✓usually presents in adults with HTN and obesity
Cells in the body do not react to the insulin
Genetic Predisposition
Insulin Resistance/Relative insulin deficiency
, • Medications that cause diabetes -✓✓Glucocoriticoids
(Given in asthma and Crohn's Disease
• dysuria -✓✓subjective experience of painful or burnign on urination
• Dysuria Cause -✓✓inflammation
bladder/urethral infection
most common cause is lower UTI
• Medications that can cause dysuria -✓✓SSRI
opiates
Scopalamine
• Less common causes of dysuris -✓✓Tumors
Renal Failure
Nephrolithiasis
STIs
• Heamuturia Diagnostically -✓✓3 RBCs or more per high powered
field