MHA 708 Health Care Exam with Questions and Answers

MHA 708 Health Care Exam with Questions and Answers A 55-year-old man has a higher risk of hypertension compared to a 25-year-old due primarily to: a. Lifestyle choices only b. Age as a fixed biological determinant c. Income level d. Health service access Correct Answer: b Rationale: Age is a fixed biological factor that influences physiological changes such as vascular stiffness and metabolic decline, increasing risk of chronic diseases like hypertension. Which theory primarily explains that microorganisms are the specific cause of infectious diseases and supports sterilization practices in clinical environments? a. Miasma theory b. Germ theory of disease c. Humoral theory d. Spontaneous generation theory Correct Answer: b Rationale: Germ theory of disease, advanced by scientists such as Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch, establishes that specific microorganisms cause specific diseases. This theory directly supports aseptic and sterilization practices by targeting pathogens as the cause of infection. A patient develops wound infection after surgery, and investigation shows contamination from unsterilized surgical tools. Which concept best explains the disease causation? a. Host immunity failure alone b. Environmental imbalance theory c. Direct microbial invasion through contamination