PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM ms
Exam Solution ms
McCance Pathophysiology Ch. 11 Stress & Disease 202 ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
6 A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VER
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
IFIED ANSWERS (A317A) ms ms
QUESTION 1 ms
Exhaustion occurs if stress continues when which stage of the general adaptation synd
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
rome is not successful?
ms ms ms
a. Flight or fight
ms ms ms
b. Alarm
ms
c. Adaptation
ms
d. Arousal
ms
ANSWER
ANS: C Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and adaptation is not successful, ultimately causing imp
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
airment of the immune response, heart failure, and kidney failure, leading to death. The other stages
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
occur before the adaptation stage.
ms ms ms ms ms
QUESTION 2 ms
Which organ is stimulated during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
(GAS)?
ms
a. Adrenal cortex
ms ms
b. Hypothalamus
ms
c. Anterior pituitary
ms ms
d. Limbic system
ms ms
ANSWER
ANS: B The alarm phase of the GAS begins when a stressor triggers the actions of the hypothalamus
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The other organs are not stimulated by the alarm phase
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
of GAS
ms ms
QUESTION 3 ms
, During an anticipatory response to stress, what is the reaction from the limbic system
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
stimulated by?
ms ms
a. The retronucleus of the anterior pituitary
ms ms ms ms ms ms
b. The anterior nucleus of the hippocampus
ms ms ms ms ms ms
c. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
ms ms ms ms ms ms
d. The prefrontal nucleus of the amygdala
ms ms ms ms ms ms
ANSWER
ANS: C The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus must be stimulated to cause the lim
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
bic system to be stimulated. The other areas are not involved in the stimulation of the limbic syste
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
m.
QUESTION 4 ms
Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress resp
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
onse?
a. Norepinephrine
ms
b. Epinephrine
ms
c. Cortisol
ms
d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
ms ms ms
ANSWER
ANS: A The release of norepinephrine promotes arousal, increased vigilance, increased anxiety, and o
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
ther protective emotional responses. Epinephrine's effects are primarily on the cardiovascular system
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
. Cortisol's chief effects involve metabolic processes. By inhibiting the use of metabolic substances w
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
hile promoting their formation, cortisol mobilizes glucose, amino acids, lipids, and fatty acids and del
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
ivers them to the bloodstream. ACTH binds with specific receptors on the adrenal glands which caus
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
es the release of the glucocorticoids.
ms ms ms ms ms
QUESTION 5 ms
Perceived stress elicits an emotional, anticipatory response that begins where?
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
a. Prefrontal cortex
ms ms
b. Anterior pituitary
ms ms
c. Limbic system
ms ms
d. Hypothalamus
ms
ANSWER
ANS: C The perception of stress initiates a series of events in the central and peripheral nervous sys
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
tems. In the brain, stress elicits an anticipatory response that activates the limbic system; the brain
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
area is responsible for motivation, emotions, and cognition.
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
QUESTION 6 ms
Exam Solution ms
McCance Pathophysiology Ch. 11 Stress & Disease 202 ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
6 A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VER
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
IFIED ANSWERS (A317A) ms ms
QUESTION 1 ms
Exhaustion occurs if stress continues when which stage of the general adaptation synd
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
rome is not successful?
ms ms ms
a. Flight or fight
ms ms ms
b. Alarm
ms
c. Adaptation
ms
d. Arousal
ms
ANSWER
ANS: C Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and adaptation is not successful, ultimately causing imp
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
airment of the immune response, heart failure, and kidney failure, leading to death. The other stages
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
occur before the adaptation stage.
ms ms ms ms ms
QUESTION 2 ms
Which organ is stimulated during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
(GAS)?
ms
a. Adrenal cortex
ms ms
b. Hypothalamus
ms
c. Anterior pituitary
ms ms
d. Limbic system
ms ms
ANSWER
ANS: B The alarm phase of the GAS begins when a stressor triggers the actions of the hypothalamus
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The other organs are not stimulated by the alarm phase
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
of GAS
ms ms
QUESTION 3 ms
, During an anticipatory response to stress, what is the reaction from the limbic system
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
stimulated by?
ms ms
a. The retronucleus of the anterior pituitary
ms ms ms ms ms ms
b. The anterior nucleus of the hippocampus
ms ms ms ms ms ms
c. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
ms ms ms ms ms ms
d. The prefrontal nucleus of the amygdala
ms ms ms ms ms ms
ANSWER
ANS: C The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus must be stimulated to cause the lim
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
bic system to be stimulated. The other areas are not involved in the stimulation of the limbic syste
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
m.
QUESTION 4 ms
Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress resp
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
onse?
a. Norepinephrine
ms
b. Epinephrine
ms
c. Cortisol
ms
d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
ms ms ms
ANSWER
ANS: A The release of norepinephrine promotes arousal, increased vigilance, increased anxiety, and o
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
ther protective emotional responses. Epinephrine's effects are primarily on the cardiovascular system
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
. Cortisol's chief effects involve metabolic processes. By inhibiting the use of metabolic substances w
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
hile promoting their formation, cortisol mobilizes glucose, amino acids, lipids, and fatty acids and del
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
ivers them to the bloodstream. ACTH binds with specific receptors on the adrenal glands which caus
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
es the release of the glucocorticoids.
ms ms ms ms ms
QUESTION 5 ms
Perceived stress elicits an emotional, anticipatory response that begins where?
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
a. Prefrontal cortex
ms ms
b. Anterior pituitary
ms ms
c. Limbic system
ms ms
d. Hypothalamus
ms
ANSWER
ANS: C The perception of stress initiates a series of events in the central and peripheral nervous sys
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
tems. In the brain, stress elicits an anticipatory response that activates the limbic system; the brain
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
area is responsible for motivation, emotions, and cognition.
ms ms ms ms ms ms ms
QUESTION 6 ms