BIO 2B03 EXAM REVIEW | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | RATED 100%
CORRECT.
is the RER dynamic or stationary? - (answer)dynamic
what is the function of the RER? - (answer)co-translational transport, protein modification, formation of
vesicles that will transport proteins from ER to Golgi
what is the function of the SER? - (answer)fatty acid and phospholipid synthesis, carbohydrate
metabolism, regulate Ca2+ conc in the cytosol
what are the post translational modifications in the ER? - (answer)- glycosylation
- protein folding
- disulphide bond formation
- proteolytic cleavage
do modifications to proteins embedded in the ER membrane occur in the luminal portion or the
transmembrane domain or the cytosolic portion? - (answer)luminal
this protein modification is important for proteins that mediate cell interactions with the extracellular
matrix and for receptor-ligand recognition - (answer)glycosylation
this protein modification is common on proteins that are secreted from the cell and proteins embedded
in the cell membrane - (answer)glycosylation
what is the most common form of glycosylation? - (answer)N-linked
N-linked glycosylation adds a polysaccharide to which group of which amino acid? - (answer)NH2 group
of the R-group of asparagine
these proteins recognize modified proteins and assist in protein folding in a similar way as chaperones -
(answer)lectins
,BIO 2B03 EXAM REVIEW | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | RATED 100%
CORRECT.
what are the two types of lectins? - (answer)calnexin and calreticulin
where is calnexin found? - (answer)ER membrane
what is BiP? mention 3 functions - (answer)- ER-resident HSP70 chaperone
- transfers proteins from ER through the translocon by binding to proteins as soon as they appear on the
luminal side of the membrane during co-translational transport
- initiate unfolded protein response in the ER
what are the co-chaperones of BiP? - (answer)Hsp40 and NEF
is cytoplasm a reducing or an oxidizing environment? - (answer)reducing
is ER a reducing or an oxidizing environment? - (answer)oxidizing
does disulphide bond formation occur in reducing or oxidizing environment? - (answer)oxidizing
this protein is one of many proteins secreted into the intestine where it aids in the digestion of RNA by
cleaving it into small pieces - (answer)RNAse A
what is the protein that resides in the ER that promotes oxidation? - (answer)protein disulphide
isomerase (PDI)
does proteolytic cleavage in the ER happen in the lumen or the cytosol? - (answer)lumen
what is the N-terminal signal sequence of type I integral proteins cleaved by? - (answer)signal peptidase
, BIO 2B03 EXAM REVIEW | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | RATED 100%
CORRECT.
what are the two responses of the unfolded protein response (UPR)? - (answer)1. restore normal cell
function by slowing down new protein translation or removing unfolded proteins from the ER for
degradation through ubiquitylation
2. increase production of chaperones
what are the proteins essential to UPR? - (answer)BiP and Ire1
this protein is involved in the UPR and functions as a chaperone to assist in proper folding and prevent
aggregation of misfolded proteins - (answer)BiP
this is a transmembrane protein that is involved in the UPR - (answer)Ire1
Ire1 endonuclease specifically targets which gene's mRNA? - (answer)Hac1
what does unspliced Hac1 do? - (answer)inhibit translation
this protein is a transcription factor that activates transcription of several genes including the genes that
code for BiP, lectins, PDI, and signal peptidases - (answer)Hac1
where is the Hac1 protein transported to? - (answer)nucleus
moving from the ER towards the cell membrane - (answer)anterograde
moving from the cell membrane towards the ER - (answer)retrograde
what is pulse-chase labeling? - (answer)tags proteins for only a brief period of time, so that only some
proteins are labeled
what are the 3 types of techniques used for studying vesicular transport? - (answer)pulse-chase,
fluorescent microscopy of GFP-labeled proteins, genetic mutations that disrupt transport
CORRECT.
is the RER dynamic or stationary? - (answer)dynamic
what is the function of the RER? - (answer)co-translational transport, protein modification, formation of
vesicles that will transport proteins from ER to Golgi
what is the function of the SER? - (answer)fatty acid and phospholipid synthesis, carbohydrate
metabolism, regulate Ca2+ conc in the cytosol
what are the post translational modifications in the ER? - (answer)- glycosylation
- protein folding
- disulphide bond formation
- proteolytic cleavage
do modifications to proteins embedded in the ER membrane occur in the luminal portion or the
transmembrane domain or the cytosolic portion? - (answer)luminal
this protein modification is important for proteins that mediate cell interactions with the extracellular
matrix and for receptor-ligand recognition - (answer)glycosylation
this protein modification is common on proteins that are secreted from the cell and proteins embedded
in the cell membrane - (answer)glycosylation
what is the most common form of glycosylation? - (answer)N-linked
N-linked glycosylation adds a polysaccharide to which group of which amino acid? - (answer)NH2 group
of the R-group of asparagine
these proteins recognize modified proteins and assist in protein folding in a similar way as chaperones -
(answer)lectins
,BIO 2B03 EXAM REVIEW | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | RATED 100%
CORRECT.
what are the two types of lectins? - (answer)calnexin and calreticulin
where is calnexin found? - (answer)ER membrane
what is BiP? mention 3 functions - (answer)- ER-resident HSP70 chaperone
- transfers proteins from ER through the translocon by binding to proteins as soon as they appear on the
luminal side of the membrane during co-translational transport
- initiate unfolded protein response in the ER
what are the co-chaperones of BiP? - (answer)Hsp40 and NEF
is cytoplasm a reducing or an oxidizing environment? - (answer)reducing
is ER a reducing or an oxidizing environment? - (answer)oxidizing
does disulphide bond formation occur in reducing or oxidizing environment? - (answer)oxidizing
this protein is one of many proteins secreted into the intestine where it aids in the digestion of RNA by
cleaving it into small pieces - (answer)RNAse A
what is the protein that resides in the ER that promotes oxidation? - (answer)protein disulphide
isomerase (PDI)
does proteolytic cleavage in the ER happen in the lumen or the cytosol? - (answer)lumen
what is the N-terminal signal sequence of type I integral proteins cleaved by? - (answer)signal peptidase
, BIO 2B03 EXAM REVIEW | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | RATED 100%
CORRECT.
what are the two responses of the unfolded protein response (UPR)? - (answer)1. restore normal cell
function by slowing down new protein translation or removing unfolded proteins from the ER for
degradation through ubiquitylation
2. increase production of chaperones
what are the proteins essential to UPR? - (answer)BiP and Ire1
this protein is involved in the UPR and functions as a chaperone to assist in proper folding and prevent
aggregation of misfolded proteins - (answer)BiP
this is a transmembrane protein that is involved in the UPR - (answer)Ire1
Ire1 endonuclease specifically targets which gene's mRNA? - (answer)Hac1
what does unspliced Hac1 do? - (answer)inhibit translation
this protein is a transcription factor that activates transcription of several genes including the genes that
code for BiP, lectins, PDI, and signal peptidases - (answer)Hac1
where is the Hac1 protein transported to? - (answer)nucleus
moving from the ER towards the cell membrane - (answer)anterograde
moving from the cell membrane towards the ER - (answer)retrograde
what is pulse-chase labeling? - (answer)tags proteins for only a brief period of time, so that only some
proteins are labeled
what are the 3 types of techniques used for studying vesicular transport? - (answer)pulse-chase,
fluorescent microscopy of GFP-labeled proteins, genetic mutations that disrupt transport
