BIOLOGY 2A03 - RENAL PHYSIOLOGY | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | 100% CORRECT.
What is the function of a Nephron? Answer - Produces Urine
By the time urine leaves the Nephron, it is: Answer - Fully Formed
The Kidneys must regulate _________ and _________ excretion to maintain
osmotic homeostasis, and to maintain total body water. Answer - Water and
NaCl
What are the three main Transport Processes of a Nephron? (Also the 3 basic
processes of urine formation) Answer - - Glomerular Filtration
- Tubular Reabsorption
- Tubular Secretion
What is Glomerular Filtration? Answer - Blood pressure forces water and
solutes across the wall of the glomerular capillaries and into the capsular space
What is Reabsorption? (From where to where?) Answer - The removal of water
and solutes from the filtrate, and their movement across the tubular
epithelium and into the peritubular fluid
, What is Secretion? Answer - The transport of solutes from the peritubular
fluid, across the tubular epithelium, and into the tubular fluid.
Nephrons exist mostly within the: (2 parts of the same organ) Answer - Renal
cortex or within the renal medulla (the Kidney)
What are the two types of nephrons? Answer - - Cortical nephrons
- Juxtamedullary nephrons
What are Cortical Nephrons? Function? Answer - - Make up 85% of our
nephrons
- Short loops of Henle
- perform most of the Reabsorptive and secretory functions of the kidneys
What are Juxtamedullary nephrons? Function? Answer - - Make up 15 % of our
nephrons
- Long loops of Henle
- Along with vasa recta, are important in producing concentrated urine
The structure and dimensions of each region of the nephron can vary across
vertebrates, but all taxa possess specialized regions for ____________ and
___________, and homologous regions are present in most groups Answer -
Absorption and Secretion
__________ _______________ forces water and solutes across the walls of the
glomerular capillaries, and into the capsular space Answer - Blood Pressure
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | 100% CORRECT.
What is the function of a Nephron? Answer - Produces Urine
By the time urine leaves the Nephron, it is: Answer - Fully Formed
The Kidneys must regulate _________ and _________ excretion to maintain
osmotic homeostasis, and to maintain total body water. Answer - Water and
NaCl
What are the three main Transport Processes of a Nephron? (Also the 3 basic
processes of urine formation) Answer - - Glomerular Filtration
- Tubular Reabsorption
- Tubular Secretion
What is Glomerular Filtration? Answer - Blood pressure forces water and
solutes across the wall of the glomerular capillaries and into the capsular space
What is Reabsorption? (From where to where?) Answer - The removal of water
and solutes from the filtrate, and their movement across the tubular
epithelium and into the peritubular fluid
, What is Secretion? Answer - The transport of solutes from the peritubular
fluid, across the tubular epithelium, and into the tubular fluid.
Nephrons exist mostly within the: (2 parts of the same organ) Answer - Renal
cortex or within the renal medulla (the Kidney)
What are the two types of nephrons? Answer - - Cortical nephrons
- Juxtamedullary nephrons
What are Cortical Nephrons? Function? Answer - - Make up 85% of our
nephrons
- Short loops of Henle
- perform most of the Reabsorptive and secretory functions of the kidneys
What are Juxtamedullary nephrons? Function? Answer - - Make up 15 % of our
nephrons
- Long loops of Henle
- Along with vasa recta, are important in producing concentrated urine
The structure and dimensions of each region of the nephron can vary across
vertebrates, but all taxa possess specialized regions for ____________ and
___________, and homologous regions are present in most groups Answer -
Absorption and Secretion
__________ _______________ forces water and solutes across the walls of the
glomerular capillaries, and into the capsular space Answer - Blood Pressure
