NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Mid Term exam with correct answers
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hypersensitivity: Type 1 - correct answers ✔✔Type 1: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Allergic reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
mast cell degranulation
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Local symptoms:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-itching
-rash
Systemic symptoms: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-wheezing
Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
systemic response of hypotension, severe ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
bronchoconstriction
Main treatment: epinephrine reverses the effects
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hypersensitivity: Type 2 - correct answers ✔✔Type 2: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific (ex: thyroid tissue) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
,Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Can cause tissue damage or alter function
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism) - example of altering
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
thyroid function, but does not destroy thyroid tissue
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Incompatible blood type- example of cell/tissue damage ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
that occurs; severe transfusion reaction occurs and the
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by agglutination or ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
complement-mediated lysis. ||\\||\\
Type 1 Hypersensitivity VS. Type 2 Hypersensitivity -
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
correct answers ✔✔Type 1 Hypersensitivity ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Organ Specific ||\\||\\
Antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Type 2 Hypersensitivity
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, Not Organ Specific ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Antibody binds to the soluble antigen outside the cell ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
and the complex is then deposited in the tissues
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hypersensitivity: Type 3 - Examples - correct answers ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
✔✔Rheumatoid arthritis: Antigen/antibodies are ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
deposited in the joints ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)- very closely related ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
to autoimmunity- antigen/antibodies deposit in organs
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
that cause tissue damage ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hypersensitivity: Type 4 - correct answers ✔✔Delayed ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
response
Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes like Types 1,
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
2 and 3
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Is T-cell mediated
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Mid Term exam with correct answers
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hypersensitivity: Type 1 - correct answers ✔✔Type 1: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Allergic reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
mast cell degranulation
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Local symptoms:
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-itching
-rash
Systemic symptoms: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
-wheezing
Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
systemic response of hypotension, severe ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
bronchoconstriction
Main treatment: epinephrine reverses the effects
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hypersensitivity: Type 2 - correct answers ✔✔Type 2: ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific (ex: thyroid tissue) ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
,Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Can cause tissue damage or alter function
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism) - example of altering
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
thyroid function, but does not destroy thyroid tissue
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Incompatible blood type- example of cell/tissue damage ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
that occurs; severe transfusion reaction occurs and the
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by agglutination or ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
complement-mediated lysis. ||\\||\\
Type 1 Hypersensitivity VS. Type 2 Hypersensitivity -
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
correct answers ✔✔Type 1 Hypersensitivity ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Organ Specific ||\\||\\
Antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Type 2 Hypersensitivity
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
, Not Organ Specific ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Antibody binds to the soluble antigen outside the cell ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
surface that was released into the blood or body fluids, ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
and the complex is then deposited in the tissues
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hypersensitivity: Type 3 - Examples - correct answers ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
✔✔Rheumatoid arthritis: Antigen/antibodies are ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
deposited in the joints ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)- very closely related ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
to autoimmunity- antigen/antibodies deposit in organs
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
that cause tissue damage ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Hypersensitivity: Type 4 - correct answers ✔✔Delayed ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
response
Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes like Types 1,
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
2 and 3
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
Is T-cell mediated
||\\||\\ ||\\||\\
