GERONTOLOGY EXAM 1 BLUEPRINT EXAM:
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
1. transitions common to older adults - ANS -job changes and retirement
family role changes
health changes
2. outline the role of the licensed lpn in using advanced directives and informed
consent - ANS -determine the law in your state
need to know where they are and what they say
be a known advocate for the people to whom care is given
3. compare and contrast spirituality and religion - ANS -spirituality is the belief in
something more powerful than oneself whereas religion is a specific set of
organized beliefs and practices
4. discuss the theory "the science of human caring" by jean watson as it relates to
clinical process - ANS -the theory focuses on looking at the patient as a whole
human being
focuses on mind, body and spirit
calls on the nurse to use your imagination and creativity to solve problems in
ways that are personal for the people to whom the care is given
1. all human beings are valuable, and as a nurse, you have the responsibility to
assist, nurture, and provide care for them
,2. it is essential to focus on the human relationship you have with all persons in
your care and their relationship with the environment
3. developing a human to human relationship is critical to being a caring nurse
5. identify age related changes as they relate to each body system listed in the
chapter - ANS -cardiovascular
respiratory
musculoskeletal
integumentary
gastrointestinal
urinary
reproductive
nervous
special sense organs
age related changes related to the heart - ANS -cardiac muscle strength is
diminish
heart valves become thickened and more rigid
the sinoatrial node, which is responsible for conduction, is less efficient, and
impulses are slowed
Heart contractions maybe weaker, blood volume decreases, and cardiac output
declines
age related changes to blood vessels - ANS -. Arteries become less elastic
capillary walls thicken and slow the exchange of nutrients and waste products
between blood and tissues
, The greater rosary of the vascular walls increase systolic and diastolic pressure
age related changes to blood - ANS -blood volume is reduced due to an age
related decline in total body water
bone marrow activity is reduce which leads to a slight decrease in levels of red
blood cells, hematocrit , and hemoglobin
age related changes to skeleton (respiratory) - ANS -The rib cage becomes more
rigid as cartilage calcify's
The thoracic spine may shorten and osteoporosis may cause a stooped posture,
decreasing active lungs face, and limiting thoracic movement
age related changes to accessory muscles (respiratory) - ANS -abdominal muscles
weekend, decreasing inspiratory and expiratory effort
The diaphragm does not seem to lose mass
intrapulmonary changes to the respiratory system - ANS -lung elastic recoil is
progressively lost with advancing age
alveoli enlarge and become thin and although the number remains constant the
number functioning alveoli decreases overall
The alveolus-capillary membrane thickens, reducing the surface area for gas
exchange
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
1. transitions common to older adults - ANS -job changes and retirement
family role changes
health changes
2. outline the role of the licensed lpn in using advanced directives and informed
consent - ANS -determine the law in your state
need to know where they are and what they say
be a known advocate for the people to whom care is given
3. compare and contrast spirituality and religion - ANS -spirituality is the belief in
something more powerful than oneself whereas religion is a specific set of
organized beliefs and practices
4. discuss the theory "the science of human caring" by jean watson as it relates to
clinical process - ANS -the theory focuses on looking at the patient as a whole
human being
focuses on mind, body and spirit
calls on the nurse to use your imagination and creativity to solve problems in
ways that are personal for the people to whom the care is given
1. all human beings are valuable, and as a nurse, you have the responsibility to
assist, nurture, and provide care for them
,2. it is essential to focus on the human relationship you have with all persons in
your care and their relationship with the environment
3. developing a human to human relationship is critical to being a caring nurse
5. identify age related changes as they relate to each body system listed in the
chapter - ANS -cardiovascular
respiratory
musculoskeletal
integumentary
gastrointestinal
urinary
reproductive
nervous
special sense organs
age related changes related to the heart - ANS -cardiac muscle strength is
diminish
heart valves become thickened and more rigid
the sinoatrial node, which is responsible for conduction, is less efficient, and
impulses are slowed
Heart contractions maybe weaker, blood volume decreases, and cardiac output
declines
age related changes to blood vessels - ANS -. Arteries become less elastic
capillary walls thicken and slow the exchange of nutrients and waste products
between blood and tissues
, The greater rosary of the vascular walls increase systolic and diastolic pressure
age related changes to blood - ANS -blood volume is reduced due to an age
related decline in total body water
bone marrow activity is reduce which leads to a slight decrease in levels of red
blood cells, hematocrit , and hemoglobin
age related changes to skeleton (respiratory) - ANS -The rib cage becomes more
rigid as cartilage calcify's
The thoracic spine may shorten and osteoporosis may cause a stooped posture,
decreasing active lungs face, and limiting thoracic movement
age related changes to accessory muscles (respiratory) - ANS -abdominal muscles
weekend, decreasing inspiratory and expiratory effort
The diaphragm does not seem to lose mass
intrapulmonary changes to the respiratory system - ANS -lung elastic recoil is
progressively lost with advancing age
alveoli enlarge and become thin and although the number remains constant the
number functioning alveoli decreases overall
The alveolus-capillary membrane thickens, reducing the surface area for gas
exchange
