NUR105
Essentials of Nursing Care: Health
Differences
Latest Midterm Exam Review
(With Solutions)
2026
1
,1. Case: A patient with COPD presents with dyspnea and SpO₂ of 88%.
Question: Which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate?
- A. Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
- B. Nasal cannula at 2 L/min
- C. Venturi mask at prescribed FiO₂
- D. Simple mask at 10 L/min
Answer: C
Rationale: Venturi mask delivers precise FiO₂, preventing CO₂ retention
in COPD.
---
2. Case: A patient with heart failure develops pulmonary edema.
Question: Which nursing intervention is priority?
- A. Encourage fluids
- B. Place patient in high Fowler’s position
- C. Administer sedatives
- D. Restrict oxygen
Answer: B
Rationale: Upright positioning improves lung expansion and
oxygenation.
---
3. Case: A patient with renal failure has serum potassium of 6.2 mmol/L.
Question: Which complication is most urgent?
- A. Constipation
- B. Cardiac arrhythmia
- C. Muscle cramps
- D. Fatigue
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening arrhythmias.
2
, ---
4. Case: A patient with diarrhea is at risk for metabolic acidosis.
Question: Which electrolyte imbalance is expected?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hypernatremia
- C. Hypocalcemia
- D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Diarrhea causes potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia.
---
5. Case: A patient with stroke has dysphagia.
Question: Which nursing intervention prevents aspiration?
- A. Supine feeding
- B. Upright feeding with thickened liquids
- C. Large bites of food
- D. Encourage rapid eating
Answer: B
Rationale: Upright position and thickened liquids reduce aspiration risk.
---
6. Case: A patient with diabetes reports nocturia and polydipsia.
Question: Which complication is suspected?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Hypokalemia
- D. Hyponatremia
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperglycemia causes osmotic diuresis and thirst.
3
Essentials of Nursing Care: Health
Differences
Latest Midterm Exam Review
(With Solutions)
2026
1
,1. Case: A patient with COPD presents with dyspnea and SpO₂ of 88%.
Question: Which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate?
- A. Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
- B. Nasal cannula at 2 L/min
- C. Venturi mask at prescribed FiO₂
- D. Simple mask at 10 L/min
Answer: C
Rationale: Venturi mask delivers precise FiO₂, preventing CO₂ retention
in COPD.
---
2. Case: A patient with heart failure develops pulmonary edema.
Question: Which nursing intervention is priority?
- A. Encourage fluids
- B. Place patient in high Fowler’s position
- C. Administer sedatives
- D. Restrict oxygen
Answer: B
Rationale: Upright positioning improves lung expansion and
oxygenation.
---
3. Case: A patient with renal failure has serum potassium of 6.2 mmol/L.
Question: Which complication is most urgent?
- A. Constipation
- B. Cardiac arrhythmia
- C. Muscle cramps
- D. Fatigue
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening arrhythmias.
2
, ---
4. Case: A patient with diarrhea is at risk for metabolic acidosis.
Question: Which electrolyte imbalance is expected?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hypernatremia
- C. Hypocalcemia
- D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Diarrhea causes potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia.
---
5. Case: A patient with stroke has dysphagia.
Question: Which nursing intervention prevents aspiration?
- A. Supine feeding
- B. Upright feeding with thickened liquids
- C. Large bites of food
- D. Encourage rapid eating
Answer: B
Rationale: Upright position and thickened liquids reduce aspiration risk.
---
6. Case: A patient with diabetes reports nocturia and polydipsia.
Question: Which complication is suspected?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Hypokalemia
- D. Hyponatremia
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperglycemia causes osmotic diuresis and thirst.
3
