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Hesi Pathophysiology Practice Exam (NEW UPDATED VERSION) LATEST
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS) | GUARANTEED PASS A+ UPDATED THIS YEAR
After talking w/ the HCP, a male pt continues to have questions about the results
of a prostatic surface antigen (PSA) screening test and asks the nurse how the PSA
levels become elevated. The nurse should explain which pathophysiological
mechanism? - CORRECT ANSWER As the prostate gland enlarges, its
cells contribute more PSA in the circulating blood
PSA is a glycoprotein found in prostatic epithelial cells, and elevations are used as
a specific tumor markers. Elevations in PSA are r/t gland volume, ie. benign BPH,
prostatitis, and cancer of the prostate, indicating tumor cell load. PSA levels are
also used to monitor response to therapy
QUESTION :A 26 yr old male client w/ Hodgkin's disease is scheduled to undergo
radiation therapy. The clinet expresses concern about the effect of radiation on his
ability to have children. What info should the nurse provide? - CORRECT
ANSWER Permanent sterility occurs in the male client who receive radiation
Low sperm count and loss of motility are seen in males w/ Hodgkin's disease b/f
any therapy. Radiotherapy often results in permanent aspermia, or sterility
QUESTION :The nurse hears short, high-pitched sounds just b/f the end of
inspiration in the right and left lower lobes when auscultating a client's lungs. How
should this finding be recorded? - CORRECT ANSWER Crackles in the
right and left lower lobes
Fine crackles - short, high-pitched sounds heard just b/f the end of inspiration that
are the result of rapid equalization of pressure when collaped alveoli or terminal
bronchioles suddenly snap open
2026 2027 GRADED A+
, 2|Page
Wheezing is a continuous high-pitched squeaking or musical sound caused by
rapid vibration of bronchial walls that are 1st evident on expiration and may be
audible
QUESTION :A client is admitted to the ER w/ a tension pneumothorax. Which
assessment should the nurse expect to ID? - CORRECT ANSWER A
deviation of the trachea toward the side opposite of the pneumothorax
Tension pneumothorax is caused by rapid accumulation of air in the pleural space,
causing severely high intrapleural pressure. This results in collapse of the lung, and
the mediastinum shifts toward the unaffected side, which is subsequently
compressed
QUESTION :A client who is receiving a whole blood transfusion dv's chills, fever,
and a HA 30 min after the transfusion is started. The nurse shold recognize these
sx as characteristic of what rxn? - CORRECT ANSWER A febrile
transfusion reaction
Sx of a febrile reaction include sudden chills, fever, HA, flushing, and muscle pain.
An allergic rxn is the response of histamine release which is characterized by
flushing, itching, and urticaria. It exhibits an exaggerated allergic response that
progresses to shock and possible cardiac arrest
an acute hemolytic reaction presents w/ fever, chills, but is hallmarked by the
onset of low back pain, tachycardia, tachypnea, vascular collapse, hemoglobinuria,
dark urine, ARF, shock, cardiac arrest, and even death
QUESTION :The nurse is analyzing the waveforms of a client's ECG. What finding
indicates a disturbance in electrical conduction in the ventricles? - CORRECT
ANSWER QRS interval of 0.14 second
the normal duration of the QRS is 0.04 - 0.12 sec
T wave is 0.16 sec;
PR is 0.12 - 0.20 sec;
QT is 0.31-0.38 sec
2026 2027 GRADED A+
Hesi Pathophysiology Practice Exam (NEW UPDATED VERSION) LATEST
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS) | GUARANTEED PASS A+ UPDATED THIS YEAR
After talking w/ the HCP, a male pt continues to have questions about the results
of a prostatic surface antigen (PSA) screening test and asks the nurse how the PSA
levels become elevated. The nurse should explain which pathophysiological
mechanism? - CORRECT ANSWER As the prostate gland enlarges, its
cells contribute more PSA in the circulating blood
PSA is a glycoprotein found in prostatic epithelial cells, and elevations are used as
a specific tumor markers. Elevations in PSA are r/t gland volume, ie. benign BPH,
prostatitis, and cancer of the prostate, indicating tumor cell load. PSA levels are
also used to monitor response to therapy
QUESTION :A 26 yr old male client w/ Hodgkin's disease is scheduled to undergo
radiation therapy. The clinet expresses concern about the effect of radiation on his
ability to have children. What info should the nurse provide? - CORRECT
ANSWER Permanent sterility occurs in the male client who receive radiation
Low sperm count and loss of motility are seen in males w/ Hodgkin's disease b/f
any therapy. Radiotherapy often results in permanent aspermia, or sterility
QUESTION :The nurse hears short, high-pitched sounds just b/f the end of
inspiration in the right and left lower lobes when auscultating a client's lungs. How
should this finding be recorded? - CORRECT ANSWER Crackles in the
right and left lower lobes
Fine crackles - short, high-pitched sounds heard just b/f the end of inspiration that
are the result of rapid equalization of pressure when collaped alveoli or terminal
bronchioles suddenly snap open
2026 2027 GRADED A+
, 2|Page
Wheezing is a continuous high-pitched squeaking or musical sound caused by
rapid vibration of bronchial walls that are 1st evident on expiration and may be
audible
QUESTION :A client is admitted to the ER w/ a tension pneumothorax. Which
assessment should the nurse expect to ID? - CORRECT ANSWER A
deviation of the trachea toward the side opposite of the pneumothorax
Tension pneumothorax is caused by rapid accumulation of air in the pleural space,
causing severely high intrapleural pressure. This results in collapse of the lung, and
the mediastinum shifts toward the unaffected side, which is subsequently
compressed
QUESTION :A client who is receiving a whole blood transfusion dv's chills, fever,
and a HA 30 min after the transfusion is started. The nurse shold recognize these
sx as characteristic of what rxn? - CORRECT ANSWER A febrile
transfusion reaction
Sx of a febrile reaction include sudden chills, fever, HA, flushing, and muscle pain.
An allergic rxn is the response of histamine release which is characterized by
flushing, itching, and urticaria. It exhibits an exaggerated allergic response that
progresses to shock and possible cardiac arrest
an acute hemolytic reaction presents w/ fever, chills, but is hallmarked by the
onset of low back pain, tachycardia, tachypnea, vascular collapse, hemoglobinuria,
dark urine, ARF, shock, cardiac arrest, and even death
QUESTION :The nurse is analyzing the waveforms of a client's ECG. What finding
indicates a disturbance in electrical conduction in the ventricles? - CORRECT
ANSWER QRS interval of 0.14 second
the normal duration of the QRS is 0.04 - 0.12 sec
T wave is 0.16 sec;
PR is 0.12 - 0.20 sec;
QT is 0.31-0.38 sec
2026 2027 GRADED A+
