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Anatomy & Physiology Bio 168 Test 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass Anatomy - The study of structure and form ex: Something you can name/point out on the body/diagram Physiology - The study of function of the body parts ex: Muscle contractions or Pregnancy Levels of Organization - atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, & organism Atom - smallest particle of an element ex: Oxygen Molecule - A group of atoms bonded together ex: Water Macromolecule ...

BIO 168 Exam 2 Questions and Answers 100% Pass Axial Skeleton - Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column Cranial bones - Skill bones: Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid Frontal Bone - supraorbital foramen/notch (Blood vessels & nerves to forehead Parietal bone - Flat Bones Occipital Bones - occipital condyles (Articulates with atlas) foramen magnum (spinal cord & vertebral aerties to brain stem) hypoglossal canal (...

Bio 168 Exam 2 study guide Questions and Answers 100% Pass How many lumbar do you have? - 5 How can you tell its a lumbar vertabra? - No costal facets, short spinous process Four types of bone cells - osteogenic, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts describe the function of osteogenic cells - only cell that divides, they differentiate and develop into osteoblasts describe the function of osteoblasts - cell reproduction for forming new bone describe the function of osteocytes - reshapes b...

BIO 168: Exam 3 Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? - functional division of the nervous system that is responsible for homeostatic reflexes that coordinate control of cardiac and smooth muscle, as well as glandular tissue What is an action potential? - change in voltage of a cell membrane in response to a stimulus that results in transmission of an electrical signal; unique to neurons and muscle fibers What is the central nervous system (CNS)? - a...

BIO 168 Chapters 11-13 Exam Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass General functions of the nervous system - sensory input, integration, motor output Dendrites - receive signals from other neurons; send electrical signals to soma and axon. Neurofibrils - provide support, transport substances within neurons Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER) - protein synthesis axon hillock - cone shaped region; generates nerve impulses, connects axon to soma. Axon - create action potential axon coll...

BIO 168: Anatomy & Physiology Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Homeostasis - This is the tendency to maintain a balanced, stable, or constant internal environment. Epithelial Tissue - This covers the exposed surfaces as well as lines internal passages and chambers. Transitional Tissue - This is found in the urinary tract, it's able to change in shape and size. For example: The bladder expands to hold urine. Adipose Connective Tissue - This acts as a storage depot for fat. ...

BIO 168 CLASS TISSUES EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS What are the four types of tissue? - -Epithelial -Connective -Muscular -Nervous Define Histology - The study of tissue What are the characteristics of epithelium? - -covers body surfaces and lines cavities -Cellularity -Polarity -supported by connective tissue -avascular but innervated -regeneration What are the function of tissue? - -Protection 2100% Pass Guarantee Olivia West, All Rights Reserved © 2025 -Absorption -Fi...

Bio 168 Tissues Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Tissues - a group of specialized cells and extracellular material around them. Histology - microscopic study of tissues Epithelial tissue characteristics - Lacks blood vessels (materials must move by diffusion from underlying Connective Tissue) Covers body surface and forms glands Very little extracellular matrix Has distinct tissue surfaces (Free (apical), nasal, lateral Cells connect to surrounding cells and extracellular matrix Hi...

BIO 168 - Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass Physiology - The study of the function of body parts is called Anatomy - The study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another is called Intelligence - Which of the following is NOT a necessary human life function? A. Excretion B. Metabolism C. Responsiveness D. Intelligence E. Movement Cell - The basic living structural and functional unit of all living organisms is the Homeostasis - The ability to maintain r...

Bio 168 Exam 2 Questions and Answers 100% Pass The 4 points of cell theory - 1. cell= basic unit of life 2. Functioning depends on functioning of cells 3. structure of organism has cellular base 4. cells can only come from other cells How many cells are in the human body? - Trillions What are the three parts of the cell? - 1. Plasma membrane 2. cytoplasm 3. nucleus How are phospholipiods arranged to act as a barrier? - hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts creates the barrier to water sol...

BIO 168 Lecture Exam #1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass A cell or organ that responds to the directions of the control center in a negative feedback loop is termed a(n): A) stimulus B) regulator C) effector D) receptor - C) Effector A directional term that means the same as posterior is: A) Anterior B) Sagittal C) Dorsal D) Ventral - C) Dorsal A plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts is known as a: 2100% Pass Guarantee Olivia West, All Rights Reserved © 2025 ...

BIO 168 Test #1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass Anatomy - Science of structure (morophology) Cytology - Study of cells Histology - Study of tissues Physiology - Science of function Characteristics - Of living organisms (movement. Growth, reproduction, excretion, respond to stimuli) Metabolism - All the chemical reactions of living organisms Two types of metabolism - Anabolism and catabolism Anabolism - Assembling compounds and storing energy Catabolism - breaking compounds down and re...

Bio 168 test 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass bone supports - soft tissue, conective tissue, muscles. produces movement - skeletal muscles location of lambdoidal suture - occiptal region, occiput joins sagittal suture at lambda lambdoidal suture is.... - immovable, synarthrotic pubic symphysis type of joint - amphiarthrotic-slightly moveable resembles joint between L4 and L5 location of greater trochanter - lateral/proximal femur where the superior axial articulates with appendicular ...

BIO 168 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS List the functions of the Nervous System - Receptors detect changes in the internal or external environment. Information is sent to the CNS by the sensory division of the PNS. Information processing Motor commands are carried by the motor division of the PNS. Effectors respond to those commands and change their activities. What makes up the Central Nervous System? - Brain & Spinal cord What makes up the Peripheral Nervous System? - All neur...

Bio 168 Exam 5 Questions and Answers 100% Pass what are the four major brain regions? - cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, brainstem Where is the brain stem located? - Coming down from the middle of the brain "stalk" that connects to the spinal cord what major tracts does the midbrain connect? - Spinal cord and cerebrum. midbrain function - relay center for visual/auditory impulses/motor control Corpora Quadrigemina function? - Reflex centers of eye movement and auditory respons...

BIO 168 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS Which of the following best defines anatomy? - It is the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships with one another. Which subdivision of anatomy would include the study of individual cells? - microscopic anatomy Which of the following best demonstrates the principle of complementarity of structure and function? - Bones can support and protect body organs because they contain hard mineral deposits Cells within the body work...

BIO 168 Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass metabolism - the sum of all chemical reactions in an organism that support life. Levels of complexity - Subatomic particles (electron, proton)->Atom (hydrogen atom)-> Molecule (water molecule, glucose molecule)-> Macromolecule (protein molecule, DNA molecule)->Organelle (mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, nucleus)->Cell (muscle cell, nerve cell)->Tissue (epithelia, connective) -> Organ (skin, heart) -> Organ System (s...

BIO 168 Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Which of the following statements is FALSE? - When the hydrogen ion concentration decreases, the hydroxyl ion concentration also decreases Tendons and ligaments are composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue - False The four elements that make up about 96% of body weight are - Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen It is the difference in the R group that makes each amino acid chemically unique - True Which of the following d...

BIO 168 Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers 100% Pass 1) Anatomy is to _________________ as physiology is to ________________. - structure, function 2) Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most complex to the simplest? - organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular 3) Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells? - cardiovascular 4) The pituitary gland and thyroid gland are organs of the _____________ system....

Bio 168 Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers 100% Pass True or False: The structure of the body is not related to function at all. - False The ______ level of organization consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function. - Tissue ______ includes all chemical reactions occurring within the cells of the body. - Metabolism Normal body temperature must be maintained for survival for what reason? - To provide the optimal temperature for chemical reactions to occur Wat...