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Which groups of microbes are prokaryotes? - Answer Bacteria Archaea Which groups of microbes are eukaryotes? - Answer Fungi Protozoa Algae What is cell theory? - Answer All living things are composed of cells. What is germ theory of disease? - Answer Germ theory of disease demonstrates that a specific microbe causes a specific disease. Who observed the first cells, and developed the cell theory? - Answer Robert Hooke in 1665. Who is known for demon...

List the main taxonomic groups (domain, phylum, etc.) from most to least inclusive - Answer 1. Kingdom 2. Phylum 3. Class 4. Order 5. Family 6. Genus 7. Species King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup List the three domains and how they are related to one another on the phylogenetic tree of life - Answer 1. Bacteria (Prokarya) 2. Archaea (Prokarya) 3. Eukarya Archaea and Bacteria are a paraphyletic group -> they do not pass the one snip test Traits relate them t...

What are the three major objectives of BIO 150? - Answer 1) unifying features of living systems --> ecological to molecular --> diversity and complexity 2) scientific research skills 3) apply knowledge to questions and issues What is ecology? - Answer The diversity of life, evolution, and how organisms interact with each other and the environment What is biology? - Answer The science of living systems! Includes observation, prediction, experimentation, theory, a...

organism - Answer a life-form, a living entity made up of one or more cells, there is no simple definition, 5 common fundamental characteristics cells - Answer membrane-bound units, the fundamental unit of an organism replication - Answer an important characteristic of an organism, includes replicating oneself information - Answer a characteristic of an organism that includes the ability to process hereditary or genetic information, responding to the environment ...

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What happens when animal cells are exposed to a hypertonic solution - Answer Cell will lose water and shrivel and die What happens when animal cells are exposed to a hypotonic solution - Answer Water will enter the cell faster then it leaves then the cell will swell and lyse (burst) like and overflowed water balloon What happens when animal cells are exposed to a isotonic solution - Answer Animal cells do not have a cell wall therefore there will be no net movement of wat...

Why was there no attraction between Neon (Ne) and Hydrogen (H)? - Answer The outer shell of Ne is complete - it has no unpaired electrons. H has one unpaired electron. Unpaired electrons determine the reactivity so even though H is 'looking for some action" there is just no "attraction" between Ne and H. Why was there attraction between Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H)? - Answer In this case, C has four unpaired electrons and hydrogen has one unpaired. If you do your dot dr...

Cell membrane - Answer This is also known as the plasma membrane. It regulates the passage of substances, provides structural support, and enables cell communication, recognition, and transport. Cytoplasm - Answer This serves as the environment where various cellular activities, including metabolism and protein synthesis, occur DNA - Answer This carries genetic instructions and information for living organisms' development, functioning, and reproduction. Ribosom...

Light Reactions - Answer The first of two major stages in photosynthesis (preceding the Calvin cycle). These reactions, which occur on the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast or on membranes of certain prokaryotes, convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH, releasing oxygen in the process. Photosynthesis can be thought of two ways: - Answer - Transforming light energy into stored chemical energy; or - Making the first carbon backbones that form nearly ALL...

List and explain the 6 big ideas in biology. - Answer ~Structure function relationships: idea stating that to for something to function in a certain way it must have certain features ~Energy Transformations: idea of thermodynamics, energy cannot be created or destroyed ~Emergent Properties: idea of levels of organization, properties of things depend on composition, properties can change when things are synthesized ~Regulatory Mechanisms: Processes are regulated, feedback loops, response...

Selectively permeable membrane - Answer Cell chooses what goes in and out What type of solute is least likely to simply pass thru a lipid bilayer? - Answer Polar molecules and ions Semi-permeable membrane - Answer Prevents diffusion of some substances, not others Diffusion - Answer Net movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration Factors that influence rate of diffusion - Answer Size and cha...

Compton's Rules of Biology - Answer 1. Evolution is the key to understanding everything in biology 2. Structure and function are intimately related 3. Biology is chemistry in action 4. You can understand a biological process by following the energy; molecules and chemical reactions always strive to minimize their energy 5. Living organisms are always fighting a war they cannot win; free energy vs. entropy where entropy always wins Differential Cell Fractionation - Answer -B...

Prokaryotes - Answer Mostly unicellular forms Eubacteria (Bacteria) - Answer type of prokaryote that is described as "true bacteria" Archaebacteria (Archaea) - Answer type of prokaryote, resemble eubacteria in cellular form but are very different in molecular structure and biochemistry Eukaryotes - Answer Many single-celled but mostly multicellular forms Cell Membranes - Answer the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. Plas...

Watson and Crick's Discovery - Answer 1. Double helix 2. Sugar-Phosphate Backbone 3. Strict base-pairing of nucleotides 4. Anti-parallel strands (emergent property of the orientation of complementary nucleotides when hydrogen bonding) Nucleic acids - Answer 1. polymers called polynucleotides made of monomers called nucleotides 2. Composed of Nucleotide - Answer Composed of three parts: 1. nitrogen-containing (nitrogenous) base 2. five-carbon backbone (pentose) ...

Properties of life - Answer -consume energy -reproduce -generate order -self regulates -sense and respond to the environment -evolve emergent properties - Answer -as you increase level of organization, new properties appear -properties of individual parts do not predict properties of complete "thing" cell theory - Answer -all cells come from other cells -all life is made of cells (continuity of life) regulatory mechanisms - Answer -processes are regu...

What are three main parts of a nucleotide? - Answer phosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous base What are the four bases found in DNA? RNA? - Answer DNA- A, T, C, G RNA- U How do nucleotides differ in RNA and DNA? - Answer Nucleotides differ in nitrogenous bases, U is only for RNA What are the main features of the Watson & Crick Model of DNA? - Answer ~Double Helix- backbone on the outside and bases on the inside ~Strict Base Pairing- Constant diameter, Purine:Pyr...

Polymerization - Answer covalently linking together smaller molecules to create bigger structures What are the four types of macromolecules we use for everything? - Answer 1) Carbohydrates 2) Lipids 3) Proteins 4) Nucleic Acids Dehydration synthesis - Answer removes a water molecule FORMING a longer polymer -water=product Hydrolysis - Answer adds a water molecule BREAKING a bond -water=reactant What are lipids? - Answer ANY hydrophobic biological mo...

What is the Acronym for interrogation techniques - Answer PEAMIA What does P stand for in PEAMIA - Answer Positive Confrontation What does E stand for in PEAMIA? - Answer Encourage Participation What does the first A stand for in PEAMIA? - Answer Active Listening What does M stand for in PEAMIA? - Answer Minimalization What does I stand for in PEAMIA? - Answer Intimidation What does the the last A stand for in PEAMIA? - Answer Alternati...

How do men have patriarchal control over women in our society? - Answer - women: submissive, emotional, maternal, high maintenance, weak, caregiver - men: dominant, unemotional, strong, physicality, educated, intelligent, aggressive -- these traits in the criminal justice system have been used against people to punish and hold over them -- in the lead to be superior separate spheres - Answer - men are the good provider -- provide for their household - women are true womanhood...

Halfway houses - Answer - The oldest and most common type of RCCF --- Early 1800s --- Halfway outs (ex: pre-release, parolees) --- Halfway ins (ex: probation/parole violators) --- Most privately owned and operated (over 90%) Residential Community Supervision Programs - Answer - Intermediate sanctions = between prison and probation (more freedom than prison) (less freedom than traditional probation) - Nonresidential options - Residential options: --- Halfway houses --- Work...