Salano

The study of the disorder or breakdown of the human body's function? Pathophysiology. Disease usually occurs when? A disruption in homeostasis or deviation. -Dynamic process -The relative consistency of the body's internal processes -Give and take system -Equilibrium is necessary for all cellsSelf-regulating -Compensatory -Negative feedback-most common; Ex-temp regulation -Positive feedback-Ex: blood clot -May use many means to correct one imbalance Homeostasis Age Gender Genetic and ethni...

Pathophysiology the study of diseases (pathology) and the study of the functions of the body (physiology) Pharmacology study of drugs Etiology the study of causes/reasons. Identifies causal factors. Causal Factors what causes the disease or virus to infect. Idiopathic cause is unknown Iatrogenic of or relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment. eg. Iatrogenic disease, Iatrogenic pneumothorax Risk Factors factors that put you at higher risk for certain illnesses or disea...

Moon Internal, subjective psychological state, which directs how a person feels and perceives the world Limbic System A set of structures in the brain that deal with emotions and memory Hypothalamus Autonomic control in emotions Prefrontal Cortex Judgement, decision-making Amygdala Emotionally charged memories Hippocampus Long-term memory Anterior cingulate cortex Empathy, impulse Cingulate gyrus Emotional memories Attention Culturally influenced process of selectively concentrating on i...

What is DNA? Where is it found? What is it responsible for? What are the 4 nitrogenous bases? 1. Deoxyribonucleic acid. 2. Cell nucleus and Mitochondria 3. The storage of genetic information 4. Purines (Adenine - Guanine), Pyrimidines (Cytosine - Thymine) *A-T* *C-G* (Base pairs) What is DNA? Where is it found? What is it responsible for? What are the 4 nitrogenous bases? 1. Deoxyribonucleic acid. 2. Cell nucleus and Mitochondria 3. The storage of genetic information 4. Purines (Adenine - Guani...

CPU Central Processing Unit ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit CU Control Unit PC (CPU) Program Counter ACC Accumulator MAR Memory Address Register MDR Memory Data Register CIR Current Instruction Register Define CPU The main processor in a computer system handling data and instructions. Define ALU A circuit that performs mathematical and logical (comparative) operations. Define CU A component that handles data flow with 'control signals'. It also decodes instructions in the FDE cycle. Defin...

What is Mise-en-scene? And what is the acronym to remember it? Mise-en-scene is the action of putting on to stage. We remember Mise-en-scene by using the acronym CLAMPS. Costume, Lighting, Actors, Makeup, Props and Setting. What is a Multi-Strand narrative? Multi-strand is telling a story from several main characters perspectives who all have their own small story lines within the narratives. These storylines usually collide together and overlap which the audience see themselves from their own ...

Killing by an omission? R v Gibbons and Proctor- starved child to death Guilty of murder although they had no intention to kill R v Vickes- man burgled shop opened by dead woman and beat her to death when she caught him Case that confirmed you can be guilty of murder without intention to kill R v Cunningham- d beat up man he believed was having relations with fiancé, was convicted of murder as intended to cause serious gbh. Case which decided grevious bodily harm has natural meaning? DPP V S...

Define judicial precedent principle of rules made on past decisions which other judges must follow in future similar cases What does stare decisis mean? to stand by what has been decided What is ratio decidendi? The reason for decision. It is the binding part of the judgement. R v Dudley and Stevens Two shipwrecked defendants killed and ate the cabin boy. They raised necessity as a defence. The court gave 3 reasons for refusing this defence: - if necessity is not available on a charge of thef...

What were the Conservatives' policies in the mid-1850s? - Had realised they needed to abandon protectionism and support free trade - Needed to attract industry and commerce to support them over the Liberals What were the Conservatives' party splits in the mid-1850s? - The Conservatives failed to win back the Peelites and remained fractured. - This meant that their election performance was mediocre and any governments formed were minority and tended to be short-lived. - It has been suggested t...

How to test for C=C decolourises bromine water Atomic Number number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. Mass Number the sum of protons and neutrons in a nuclues of an atom Isotopes atoms of the same elementwith the same numberof protons but different nuber of neutrons Relative Atomic Mass the average mass of an atom of an element compared to a twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. Relative Isotopic Mass The mass of an atom of an isotope compared to one-twelfth of th...

What is the amount of air that normally reaches the alveoli in an adult? 350ml How much air is in the average adult ventilation? 500ml How much air is lost in the area of dead space when an adult is ventilating? 150ml A 67 year old male complains of mild respiratory distress. He smokes 4 packs of cigarettes a day and reports a consistent cough and frequent respiratory infections. Chest sounds reveal bilateral rhonchi. What should you suspect? Chronic bronchitis EXPLANATION: chronic bronchiti...

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What is the first step in managing shock in trauma patients?The first step in managing shock in trauma patients is to recognize it. Define ShockAn abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate oxygen perfusion and tissue oxygenation. List the second step in managing shockIs to identify the probable cause of shock and adjust treatment accordingly. List the four type of shock?Cardiogenic Shock Obstructive Shock Neurogenic Shock Septic shock Cardiogenic Shock caused by?(Cause...

The approach to trauma care typically begins with what? notification that a trauma patient is arriving When preparing to receive a trauma patient, what should you keep in mind? safe practice, safe care What does "Safe practice" mean when receiving trauma patients? take into consideration the protection of the team (universal precautions/PPE/preparing equipment prior to patient arrival) What does "Safe care" mean when receiving trauma patients? that the patient is going to the right hospit...

_________________________________________ is a significant stress factor in children. Thermal energy loss is a significant stress factor in children. The optimal endotracheal tube depth (in centimeters) can be calculated as: Three times the appropriate tube size. For example, a 4.0 ETT would be properly positioned at 12 cm from the gum line. The smallest area of a young child's airway is: At the cricoid ring, which forms a natural seal around an unruffled ETT. The use of a __________________...

The primary goal of treatment for patients with suspected TBI's is to prevent ___________________________________________. Secondary Brain injury The most important ways to limit secondary brain damage and thereby improve a patients outcome are to Ensure adequate oxygenation and maintain blood pressure at the level that is sufficient to perfuse the brain. Skull Anterior Fossa - Houses ?????? Middle Fossa - Houses ????? Posterior Fossa - houses ????? Anterior Fossa - Houses the frontal lobes M...

The body regions which are the sites of major internal and external bleeding include: Chest, abdomen, pelvis and external bleeding A one year old infant with an intracerebral hemorrhage requires endotracheal intubation. What aspect of this child's anatomy needs to be appreciated in order to provide an effective airway? Short tracheal length may result in bronchus intubation and tube dislodgement Preparation for a trauma patient includes: Assembling anticipated resources and equipment and chec...

10 Signs and sx of tension pneumothorax pain hunger ratory distress cardia ension eal deviation away from injury teral absence of breath sounds ted hemithorax w/out respiratory movement vein distention sis (late sign) Signs and sx of cardiac tamponade 1. Becks Triad= increased venous pressure(distended neck veins), decreased arterial pressure(hypotension), muffled heart tones 2. PEA 3. JVD &/or Kussmauls sign 4. Use FAST to dx tension pneumothorax can often be confused with cardiac tamponad...

You find an unresponsive pt. who is not breathing. After activating the emergency response system, you determine there is no pulse. What is your next action? Start chest compressions of at least 100 per min. You are evaluating a 58-year-old man with chest pain. The blood pressure is 92/50 mm Hg, the heart rate is 92/min, the nonlabored respiratory rate is 14 breaths/min, and the pulse oximetry reading is 97%. What assessment step is most important now? Obtaining a 12 lead ECG. What is the pref...

Lidocaine initial push for cardiac arrest 1-1.5 mg/kg IVP Lidocaine further doses for cardiac arrest 0.5-0.75 mg/kg IVP Lidocaine max dose 3mg/kg Lidocaine post arrest infusion 1-4 mg/min Magnesium Sulfate for cardiac arrest involving torsades or hypomagnesemia 1-2 g 5 to 20 mins Magnesium sulfate for torsades with a pulse, or AMI with hypomagnesemia 1-2 g over 5 to 60 mins Magnesium infusion to control torsades, or further dosage for AMI with hypomagnesemia 0.5-1 g/hr IV Atropine for Bra...