nursing 101 (NURSING 101)

What type of fracture occurs at a site of a preexisting bone abnormality and is a result of a force that would not normally cause a fracture? a. Idiopathic c. Pathologic b. Incomplete d. Greenstick ANS: C Only a pathologic fracture is a break at the site of a preexisting abnormality, usually by force that would not fracture a normal bone. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1541 2. Which type of fracture usually occurs in an individual who engages in a new activity that is strenuous and repetitive? a. St...

. Pricking oneÕs finger with a needle would cause minimal pain, whereas experiencing abdominal surgery would produce more pain. This distinction is an example of which pain theory? a. Gate control theory c. Specificity theory b. Intensity theory d. Pattern theory ANS: C According to the specificity theory, a direct relationship exists between the intensity of pain and the extent of tissue injury. The remaining options are not related to the intensity of perceived pain. PTS: 1 REF: Page 48...

Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an): a. Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens b. Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person c. Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease d. Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigens ANS: C Hypersensitivity is an altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to the host. The other options are not accurate definitions of hypersensitivity. ...

. Which pathway carries sensory information toward the central nervous system (CNS)? a. Ascending c. Somatic b. Descending d. Efferent ANS: A Peripheral nerve pathways can be afferent (ascending) pathways that carry sensory impulses toward the CNS. The remaining options do not carry sensory information to the CNS. PTS: 1 REF: Page 448 2. Which type of axon transmits a nerve impulse at the highest rate? a. Large nonmyelinated c. Small nonmyelinated b. Large myelinated d. Small myelinated...

Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is elevated in atopic dermatitis? a. IgA c. IgE b. IgM d. IgG ANS: C In the acute phase of atopic dermatitis, inflammation is associated with the activation of T helper 1 (Th-1) cells with an overexpression of cytokines (interleukin [IL]Ð4, IL-5, and IL13) and chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) and 18 (CCL18) with increases in IgE, eosinophils, and macrophages. The remaining options will not be elevated as related to atopic dermatitis. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1654 2. Which leu...

1. Until the skeleton matures and adult stature is reached, where does growth in the length of bone occur? a. Epiphyseal line c. Epiphyseal cartilage b. Physeal plate d. Metaphyseal plate ANS: B Until the skeleton matures and adult stature is reached, growth in the length of bone occurs only at the physeal plate through endochondral ossification. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1592 2. Which skeletal deformity is normal at birth but generally disappears by 21 / 2 years of age? a. Genu varum (bowle...

. Most cardiovascular developments occur between which weeks of gestation? a. Fourth and seventh weeks c. Twelfth and fourteenth weeks b. Eighth and tenth weeks d. Fifteenth and seventeenth weeks ANS: A Cardiogenesis begins at approximately 3 weeksÕ gestation; however, most cardiovascular development occurs between 4 and 7 weeksÕ gestation. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1194 2. The function of the foramen ovale in a fetus allows what to occur? a. Right-to-left blood shunting c. Blood flow from the u...

. What is the most common type of shock in children? a. Hypovolemic c. Neurogenic b. Cardiogenic d. Septic ANS: A Hypovolemic shock, the most common type of shock in children, is associated with a reduction in the intravascular volume relative to the vascular space. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1703 2. Hypotension is likely to occur when an infant or child is greater than _____ % dehydrated. a. 2 c. 7 b. 5 d. 10 ANS: D Hypotension typically develops when dehydration is greater than 10% in the infa...

Henry Williams, Part 1 Guided Reflection Questions Opening Questions How did the simulated experience of Henry Williams’s case make you feel? This scenario was quite frustrating in the sense that it did not allow for you to ask more questions about Henry and his wife’s situation that is causing him anxiety. It was interesting to use the SPICES tool and realize the type of questions that I should be asking for this assessment. What nursing actions did you feel were appropriate within t...