NROS Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Define adaptation - Answer Reduction of sensory responsiveness when stimulation is unchanging. It prevents us from having to respond continuously to unimportant information Explain the adaptation process for the visual pathway - Answer Low levels of Ca++ activate recoverin which activates rhodopsin kinase, phosphorylates rhodopsin, arrestin binds and shuts off pathway Explain the adaptation process for the auditory pathway - Answer (prolonged stimulus) Stereocilia are bent, tip links...

Define adaptation Reduction of sensory responsiveness when stimulation is unchanging. It prevents us from having to respond continuously to unimportant information Explain the adaptation process for the visual pathway Low levels of Ca++ activate recoverin which activates rhodopsin kinase, phosphorylates rhodopsin, arrestin binds and shuts off pathway Explain the adaptation process for the auditory pathway (prolonged stimulus) Stereocilia are bent, tip links are stretched, channel ...

NROS 310 Exam 2 questions with correct answers

What are the main organs affected by cystic fibrosis? - Answer Lungs, any organ that has epithelial cells, mucus, and secretory system which requires regulation of that mucus Describe the main function of the CFTR protein and how it is regulated. - Answer responsible for regulating the proper flow of chloride and sodium (a component of salt) in and out of the cell membranes in the lungs and other organs. It is regulated by its cytosolic domains: two nucleotide binding domains (NBDs) and a...

NROS 310 Exam 3 questions with correct answers

Combined Definition of Threshold - Answer Threshold is the voltage where the probability of the S4 domain movement applied to the number of available voltage gated Na+ channels results in an inward current that overcomes the outward current and triggers positive feedback leading to an action potential. Definition of the Time Constant - Answer The time it takes for the membrane potential to reach app. 63% of its final steady state voltage change after a current pulse. Time Constant Equa...

NROS 310 EXAM 2 questions with correct answers

Why does the organization of the eye guarantee that we have a blind spot? Why can't we normally detect the blind spot? - Answer Lack of photoreceptors in this area because it is where the optic nerve and blood vessels exit the eye. We cannot detect the blind spot because we use our surroundings to fill in the information with the ipsilateral and contralateral visual inputs Ideal Answer: The natural blind spot in the eye is due to the lack of photoreceptors where the optic nerve and blood ...

Why are there motor proteins associated with both actin filaments and microtubules but not intermediate filaments? - Answer Actin filaments and microtubules are highly polarized, therefore allowing motor proteins to form associations with them. Intermediate filaments are unpolarized and do not bind nucleotides such as ATP, leading to lack of motor protein associations (which are ATP driven). How does the hydrolysis of ATP cause myosin to move along the actin filament? - Answer ATP hydroly...

NROS 310 Exam 2 questions with correct answers