Utah Valley University

what are the properties of life? - Answer Membrane delimited stores and follows instructions stores and uses energy is self-replicating is evolving controls its functions and responds to environment Endergonic - Answer energy is absorbed from the surroundings photosynthesis Exergonic - Answer reactions that release energy Cellular respiration Anabolic - Answer A process in which large molecules are built from small molecules like building ...

How many bases make up a codon? - Answer 3 bases What is the "start codon"? - Answer AUG What are the three possible stop codons? - Answer UAA, UAG, UGA In what direction is mRNA formed? - Answer 5' to 3' (the template DNA strand is read in a 3' to 5') What does each codon code for? - Answer an amino acid What are three types of RNA? - Answer (messenger) mRNA, (transfer) tRNA, (Ribosomal) rRNA What are the components for tra...

Chromatin - Answer Open or strung-out DNA Normal form of DNA 90% of the time DNA is in this form Double Helix - Answer Two strands of DNA with nucleotide base pairs 2nm Nucleosomes - Answer Made of histones (proteins) 8 histones make up a block, DNA is wrapped around twice 10 nm Tight Helical fiber - Answer coiling of the nucleosome string Put together in the middle of two nucleosomes and it forms a knot 30 nm Looped Domains - Answer 30-nm fiber f...

Define Cell - Answer The smallest unit of Life. What were the contributions of Leeuwnhoek, Hooke, Schleiden, Schwann, Brown, and Virchow? - Answer Leeuwnhoek- one of the first person to observe single celled organism Hooke- Coined the term "cell" Schleiden- All plants are composed of cells Schwann- All Plants are composed of cells (sounds like swann) Brown- First person to observe the nucleus of a cell Virchow- Cells come only from preexisting cells What is cell The...

What feature of double-stranded DNA makes it necessary to have a leading strand and a lagging strand during replication? - Answer the antiparallel orientation of the strands A mutation is - Answer any change in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA DNA replication events in order - Answer 1) The initiator protein binds the origin 2) Helicase unwinds the DNA 3) Primase synthesizes an RNA primer 4) DNA polymerase synthesizes the newly replicated strand in a 5' to 3' d...

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance (which might not be water) by one degree Celsius. - Answer Specific Heat Which of the following may be an example of X-linked inheritance in human males? a. selective advantage of HbA Hb S heterozygotes b. the higher incidence of hemophilia in males than females c. trisomy 21 d. codominance of Ia and Ib alleles in heterozygotes e. the presence of Barr bodies - Answer a. selective advantage of HbA ...

Gametes undergo mitosis or meiosis? - Answer Meiosis Gametes are non-reproductive or reproductive cells? - Answer Reproductive Somatic Cells undergo mitosis or meiosis? - Answer Mitosis Which type of cell is non-reproductive? - Answer Somatic Cells All of the DNA or genetic material in a cell is called what? - Answer Genome A genome with a single DNA molecule is what type of cell? - Answer Prokaryotic cell A genome with multiple DNA molecules...

Potassium is important in neuron function and osmotic regulation. Find Potassium on the periodic table. The symbol is K. How many protons ______ and electrons __________ are in a Potassium atom? (uncharged). How many protons _______and electrons ___________ are in the Potassium ion (K+)? - Answer 19, 19, 19, 18 State what specific types of bonds are formed in the molecules shown below. (Electro-negativities of the atoms are listed). c1.PO4 (electronegativity of P is 2.19, O is 3.44) ...

Lipids - Answer Building blocks of membranes Shows distinct polarity Saturated vs unsaturated assemble in double layer - tails repel h20 while heads attract h20 Saturated Lipid - Answer Lacks double bonds Causes straight structure that favors tight packing of phospholipids Unsaturated Lipid - Answer One or more double bonds that have kinks in the phospholipids and decreases tightness of packing Membranes - Answer Formed by lipids to create membrane bilayer...

Which enzyme is the first to bind to the DNA sequences at the origin of replication? - Answer DNA helicase If you made a change in the promoter sequence in the DNA that inactivates the promoter, what would happen at the RNA level? - Answer The RNA polymerase would not be able to recognize and bind the DNA, so no RNA would be made T/F During transcription of a given protein-coding gene, both strands are used as template. - Answer False RNA polymerase complex can do whic...