PALS 2021
10 seconds - ANSA 6 month old infant is unresponsive. You begin checking for breathing at
the same time you check for the infants pulse. Which is the maximum time you should spend
when trying to simultaneously check for breathing and palpate the infants pulse before
starting CPR?
Disordered Control of Breathing - ANSA 4 year old child is brought to the emergency
department for seizures. The seizures stopped a few minutes ago, but the child continues to
have slow and irregular respirations. Which condition is most consistent with your
assessment?
blood glucose - ANSAn 8 year old child is brought to the emergency department with a 2 day
history of lethargy and polyuria. The child has new onset rapid, deep, and labored breathing.
Which diagnostic test should you order first?
Reposition the patient, and insert an oral airway - ANSAfter rectal administration of
diazepam, an 8 year old boy with a history of seizures is no unresponsive to painful stimuli.
His respirations are shallow, at a rate of 10/min. His Oxygen saturation is 94% on 2L of NC
oxygen. On examination, the child is snoring with poor chest rise and poor air entry
bilaterally. What action should you take next?
Provide bag mask ventilation - ANSAfter rectal administration of diazepam, an 8 year old boy
with a history of seizures is no unresponsive to painful stimuli. His respirations are shallow,
at a rate of 10/min. His Oxygen saturation is 94% on 2L of NC oxygen. On examination, the
child is snoring with poor chest rise and poor air entry bilaterally. After repositioning the
patient and you insert an Oral airway, the patient continues to deteriorate. What next step is
the most appropriate?
15:2 - ANSA 6 year old child is found unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse. one
health care worker leaves to activate the emergency response system and get the
resuscitation equipment. You and another healthcare provider immediatly begin CPR. Which
compression to ventilation ratio do you use?
94%-99% - ANSIn post resuscitation management after cardiac arrest, extra care should be
taken to avoid repercussion injury. what should the ideal oxygen saturation range most likely
be?
"resume compressions" - ANSA 3 year old child is in cardiac arrest, and high quality CPR is
in progress. You are the team leader. The first rhythm check reveals the rhythm shown here.
Defibrillation is attempted with a shock dose of 2 J/kg. after administration of the shock, what
should you say to you team members?
2-4 J/kg - ANSA 4 year old child in cardiac arrest is brought to the emergency department by
ambulance. High quality CPR is being performed. The cardiac monitor displays the rhythm
, strip shown here. The estimated weight of the child is 20 kg. What dose range should you
use for the initial defibrillation?
40 Joules - ANSA 4 year old child in cardiac arrest is brought to the emergency department
by ambulance. High quality CPR is being performed. The cardiac monitor displays the
rhythm strip shown here. The estimated weight of the child is 20 kg. As the team leader, how
many joules do you tell your team member to use to perform initial Defib?
Allowing complete chest wall recoil after each compression - ANSYou are the team leader
during a pediatric resuscitation attempt. which action is an element of high quality CPR?
blood pressure - ANSYou are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of fever,
vomiting and diarrhea. His parents state that he has been sleeping much more. His HR is
190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is 70/min
and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen. His capillary refills time is 4-5
seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg. Which assessment
finding indicates that the infant is in hypotensive shock?
hypovolemic shock - ANSYou are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of fever,
vomiting and diarrhea. His parents state that he has been sleeping much more. His HR is
190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is 70/min
and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen. His capillary refills time is 4-5
seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg. On the basis of this
infants presentation, which type of shock does this infant have?
20 ml/kg normal saline - ANSYou are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of
fever, vomiting and diarrhea. His parents state that he has been sleeping much more. His
HR is 190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is
70/min and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen. His capillary refills time is 4-5
seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg. You have decided
that this infant Needs fluid resuscitation. How much fluid should you administer?
It is Hypotensive - ANSA 2 week old infant is being evaluated for irritability and poor feeding.
His BP is 55/40 mmHg, and cap refill time is 5 seconds. Which statement best describes
your assessment of this infants BP?
Ask for a new task or role - ANSA team member is unable to perform an assigned task
because it is beyond the team members scope of practice. Which action should the team
member take?
crackles - ANSWhich abnormality helps identify children with acute respiratory distress
caused by lung tissue disease?
cardiac arrest - ANSWhich condition in a child would IO access most likely be attempted
before vascular access?
10 seconds - ANSA 6 month old infant is unresponsive. You begin checking for breathing at
the same time you check for the infants pulse. Which is the maximum time you should spend
when trying to simultaneously check for breathing and palpate the infants pulse before
starting CPR?
Disordered Control of Breathing - ANSA 4 year old child is brought to the emergency
department for seizures. The seizures stopped a few minutes ago, but the child continues to
have slow and irregular respirations. Which condition is most consistent with your
assessment?
blood glucose - ANSAn 8 year old child is brought to the emergency department with a 2 day
history of lethargy and polyuria. The child has new onset rapid, deep, and labored breathing.
Which diagnostic test should you order first?
Reposition the patient, and insert an oral airway - ANSAfter rectal administration of
diazepam, an 8 year old boy with a history of seizures is no unresponsive to painful stimuli.
His respirations are shallow, at a rate of 10/min. His Oxygen saturation is 94% on 2L of NC
oxygen. On examination, the child is snoring with poor chest rise and poor air entry
bilaterally. What action should you take next?
Provide bag mask ventilation - ANSAfter rectal administration of diazepam, an 8 year old boy
with a history of seizures is no unresponsive to painful stimuli. His respirations are shallow,
at a rate of 10/min. His Oxygen saturation is 94% on 2L of NC oxygen. On examination, the
child is snoring with poor chest rise and poor air entry bilaterally. After repositioning the
patient and you insert an Oral airway, the patient continues to deteriorate. What next step is
the most appropriate?
15:2 - ANSA 6 year old child is found unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse. one
health care worker leaves to activate the emergency response system and get the
resuscitation equipment. You and another healthcare provider immediatly begin CPR. Which
compression to ventilation ratio do you use?
94%-99% - ANSIn post resuscitation management after cardiac arrest, extra care should be
taken to avoid repercussion injury. what should the ideal oxygen saturation range most likely
be?
"resume compressions" - ANSA 3 year old child is in cardiac arrest, and high quality CPR is
in progress. You are the team leader. The first rhythm check reveals the rhythm shown here.
Defibrillation is attempted with a shock dose of 2 J/kg. after administration of the shock, what
should you say to you team members?
2-4 J/kg - ANSA 4 year old child in cardiac arrest is brought to the emergency department by
ambulance. High quality CPR is being performed. The cardiac monitor displays the rhythm
, strip shown here. The estimated weight of the child is 20 kg. What dose range should you
use for the initial defibrillation?
40 Joules - ANSA 4 year old child in cardiac arrest is brought to the emergency department
by ambulance. High quality CPR is being performed. The cardiac monitor displays the
rhythm strip shown here. The estimated weight of the child is 20 kg. As the team leader, how
many joules do you tell your team member to use to perform initial Defib?
Allowing complete chest wall recoil after each compression - ANSYou are the team leader
during a pediatric resuscitation attempt. which action is an element of high quality CPR?
blood pressure - ANSYou are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of fever,
vomiting and diarrhea. His parents state that he has been sleeping much more. His HR is
190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is 70/min
and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen. His capillary refills time is 4-5
seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg. Which assessment
finding indicates that the infant is in hypotensive shock?
hypovolemic shock - ANSYou are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of fever,
vomiting and diarrhea. His parents state that he has been sleeping much more. His HR is
190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is 70/min
and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen. His capillary refills time is 4-5
seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg. On the basis of this
infants presentation, which type of shock does this infant have?
20 ml/kg normal saline - ANSYou are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of
fever, vomiting and diarrhea. His parents state that he has been sleeping much more. His
HR is 190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is
70/min and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen. His capillary refills time is 4-5
seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg. You have decided
that this infant Needs fluid resuscitation. How much fluid should you administer?
It is Hypotensive - ANSA 2 week old infant is being evaluated for irritability and poor feeding.
His BP is 55/40 mmHg, and cap refill time is 5 seconds. Which statement best describes
your assessment of this infants BP?
Ask for a new task or role - ANSA team member is unable to perform an assigned task
because it is beyond the team members scope of practice. Which action should the team
member take?
crackles - ANSWhich abnormality helps identify children with acute respiratory distress
caused by lung tissue disease?
cardiac arrest - ANSWhich condition in a child would IO access most likely be attempted
before vascular access?
