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JTB (Epistemology)-Philosophy AQA Flash-cards
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what is acquaintance knowledge
what is acquaintance knowledge
knowing of
what is practical/ability knowledge
what is practical/ability knowledge
knowing how
ISSUES WITH JTB- certainty
ISSUES WITH JTB- certainty
a difference between knowledge and belief is certainty.
knowledge must be certain
what is the difference between coherence and correspondence of truth
what is the difference between coherence and correspondence of truth
the correspondence of truth says that the claim matches the fact, (the world is flat does not correspond with the fact that it is spherical).
the coherence of truth, a belief is true if it is held together by a web of beliefs supporting each other within a society. (the world is flat). The humans had justified true belief and knew that the world was flat.
both theories require knowledge to be true
how can one have knowledge without belief?
how can one have knowledge without belief?
some equate knowledge with a successful action, for example.
a student may hesitantly get the answer correct on a quiz question, having been taught correctly and cannot remember being taught. in this case one would argue that the student knew the answer, even though he did not really believe it.
plato claimed knowledge and belief are two distinct mental states, knowledge being infallible and belief being fallible, therefore they are two fundamentally different apprehensions of the world.
how can one have knowledge without truth- coherence of truth?
how can one have knowledge without truth- coherence of truth?
knowledge claims that fact is necessary. this depends on how we define truth.
the coherence of truth. knowledge is not a collection of individual true beliefs, however a system of beliefs that cohere with one another. if a belief spheres with other beliefs in a system, it may be considered part of a coherent set of beliefs, even if it is not actually true. in this sense a belief can be justified and believed, but not necessarily true.
what is infallibilism
what is infallibilism
the truth of a proposition is guaranteed in the justification. the claim of knowledge can only be allowed if the belief is infallible. infallibilism claims that we should only have knowledge of things we cannot rationally doubt.
explain how infallibilism overcomes the gettier cases
explain how infallibilism overcomes the gettier cases
infallibilism claims that we can only have knowledge of things that we cannot rationally doubt, therefore the truth of the belief is guaranteed in the justification.
Gettier style cases take the formed double luck, where one’s’ belief is luckily true, formed from a false justification, where all conditions of the JTB are satisfied, meaning by definition the subject has knowledge when in reality they clearly do not.
according to infallibilism, it is not possible to have a knowledge claim when the justification does not ensure the truth of the belief, therefore gettier cases do not prove the subjects have knowledge.
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