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posterior side of humerus - Correct Answer-where is the olecranon fossa located? humeroulnar joint - Correct Answer-modified hinge joint responsible for flexion and extension: humeroradial joint - Correct Answer-modified hinge joint responsible for flexion and extension and pronation and supination: radioulnar joint - Correct Answer-syndesmotic joint responsible for pronation and supination: 60-90 degrees - Correct Answer-anterior portion of anterior bundle is taut between: past 9...

Pull Technology - Correct Answer-going into databases and search engines and getting info to address clinical question Push Technology - Correct Answer-digital media that automatically puts info to your device; ex. RSS feeds, My NCBI, podcasts Specificity - Correct Answer-a positive test rules in the diagnosis Sensitivity - Correct Answer-a negative test rules out the diagnosis National Guideline Clearinghouse - Correct Answer-where clinical practice guidelines are collected Clini...

Diagnostic Research - Correct Answer-researcher clearly defines what they will measure; used when starting a research project; should be quantifiable Measurement - Correct Answer-should be reproducible, accurate, feasible Accuracy - Correct Answer-specific and reliable Cohen's Kappa - Correct Answer-robust, accounts for observed agreement and a proportion of agreements by chance; a measure of true agreement Cross Sectional Study - Correct Answer-assesses a population on the presence...

Research should be - Correct Answer-beyond reproach - very objetive Ethics require - Correct Answer--trust -protection of subjects -guides everyday activities What are some ethical roadblocks? - Correct Answer-- Limited funds - Limited resources - Limited lab and research space - Challenge to recruit participants What is scientific misconduct? - Correct Answer-when a researcher fails to truthfully report methods or results What is research fraud? - Correct Answer-a complete fabr...

Measurements should be - Correct Answer-reproducible, accurate, feasible Diagnostic Research - Correct Answer-- used by a researcher when starting a research project -researcher clearly defines what they will measure -should be quantifiable Cohen's Kappa - Correct Answer-Accounts for observed agreement and a proportion of agreement by chance A measure of true agreement Kappa poor value - Correct Answer-Below 0.00 Kappa slight value - Correct Answer-0.0-0.20 Kappa Fair va...

What factors improve Mini Fail Ex-Fix outcomes - Correct Answer-1. More pins 2. Fixator close to the bone How can a hallux extensus occur after a Keller? - Correct Answer-Resection of too much of the phalangyeal base How should you treat a second met head AVN? - Correct Answer-Implant Treating CVT: 3 months to 3 years - Correct Answer-Posterior release TNJ reduction Treating CVT: 3 years to 6 years - Correct Answer-Green-Grice or Arthroresiss Treating CVT: 6+ - Correct Answer-Wa...

Achilles tendon rupture is likely to occur in this position - Correct Answer-Sprinters Gastroc-soleal complex is enervated by: - Correct Answer-Tibial nerve (S1 - S2) Runs between the gastrocnemius and soleus. Assists in plantarfexion of the foot and flexion of the knee - Correct Answer-Plantaris Nerve enervation of the plantaris - Correct Answer-L4, L5, S1 The narrowest part of the achilles tendon - Correct Answer-4cm proximal to its insertion An Achilles tendon rupture is likely...

When performing a subtalar arthroeresis for a flexible pediatric flatfoot deformity, the release of which of the following anatomic structures that is encountered should be avoided so as not to destabilize the subtalar joint? - Correct Answer-interosseous talocalcaneal ligament. Shown below is the closed injury of a patient whose neurovascular status is intact. What is the best initial treatment option? (Dislocated ankle with possible necrosis of anterior ankle) - Correct Answer-Closed red...

18 y/o gymnast substance acute inversion ankle injury and ruptures her lateral collateral ligaments (a)NWB 6 weeks, ankle Brace (b)Ankle bracing followed by aggressive PT 12 weeks (c)Early functional rehab program (d)NWB x8 weeks followed by PT - Correct Answer-(c) Early functional rehab program Patient is a 45 y/o male performing a triple arthrodesis he has 6 degrees of tibial varum what is the appropriate position for the calcaneus to the tibia to be in this position? (a)4 Degrees Ever...

A 25 year old ballet dancer presents with an 8 month history of ankle pain following an ankle sprain. On physical exam there is joint swelling and radio graphs are unremarkable physical therapy and NSAIDs have not reduced her symptoms. What is the next appropriate step in management of this patient? - Correct Answer-MRI For a one-year-old patient with calcaneal valgus, what is an acceptable treatment plan? - Correct Answer-Manipulation and serial casting A 25-year-old female sustained an i...

Snowboarders fracture or lateral process fracture MOI - Correct Answer-Dorsiflexion and external rotation Direction of axis of ankle joint - Correct Answer-8 degrees transverse plane 20-30 degrees from frontal plane What restricts DF of ankle joint - Correct Answer-Posterior talofibular ligament Mac 0.75 Myocardial depressant High lipid solubility Liver toxicity - Correct Answer-Halothane Contact phase position and motion of pelvis - Correct Answer-0-2 degrees in internal 4-5 de...

Hypotension/shock. Tachycardia/arrhythmias. Dyspnea/wheezing/high peak inspiratory pressure/bronchospasm. Hypoxemia or decreased O2 saturation noted on pulse oximetry. Decreased breath sounds. Angioedema (face, lips, laryngeal stridor). Hives/itching. Flushing. - Correct Answer-adult anaphylaxis Immediate actions for anaphylaxis in the perioperative setting for severe hypotension/shock - Correct Answer-Epinephrine bolus (may repeat or escalate dose in one to two minutes and titrate to ...

Which of the following treatment options would be the most appropriate to treat a calcaneonavicular coalition in a 20-year-old soft ball player with chronic foot pain? A. orthotics. B. resection with muscle interposition. C. subtalar arthrodesis. D. arthroeresis placement. - Correct Answer-B resection with muscle interposition Which of the following treatment options would be the most appropriateto treat a calcaneonavicular coalition in a 20-year-old soft ball player withchronic foot pa...

Which XRAY view is the most accurate judge of a clubfoot correction - Correct Answer-Lateral stress dorsiflexion view Club foot posterior release, which structures are released - Correct Answer-- inferior/posterior achilles - FHL sheath - ankle and STJ capsule - calcaneao-fibular ligament - posterior talofibular ligaments - *superficial part of the deltoid ligament (talotibial)* - Lengthen FDL to precent claw toe Surgical treatment of club roof after 3 months of failed conservative ...

Patient presents with *IM angle: 12-16 degrees*, level of osteotomy? - Correct Answer-DISTAL metatarsal head Patient presents with *IM angle: greater than 16 degrees*, level of osteotomy? - Correct Answer-PROXIMAL metatarsal (base) Patient presents with increased DASA greater than 8 degrees, level of osteotomy? - Correct Answer-Proximal aspect of (proximal phalanx) Patient presents with increased HIA greater than 10 degrees, level of osteotomy? - Correct Answer-Distal aspect of (proxima...

Kalish Vs Austin - Correct Answer-Kalish 55o Austion 60 allows screws fixation Youngswick - Correct Answer-shorten and plantarflexes**for met elevatus Distal metaphyseal JUVENILE osteotomies - Correct Answer-Austin, offset v, reverdin, mitchell, wilson and peabody. Mitchell and wilson SE including shortening, transfer lesions, elevatus, metatarsalgia Reverdin --->do if theres a ton of lateral deviation of head cartilage=INCREASE PASA. fix with buried k wires, absorbable pins, monofi...

imaging to differentiate between sesamoiditis and sesamoid fx - Correct Answer-MRI bone tumor presenting as radiolucement area with surrounding sclerosis, distal phalanx - Correct Answer-enchondroma description fo glomus tumor - Correct Answer- multi nodular, SC slowly enlarging mass underneath flexor tendon distal phalanx - Correct Answer-giant cell tumor of the the tendon sheath purpose of administering epinephrine IM during anaphylactic reaction - Correct Answer-a. dilate bronchio...

A patient presents 10 days status post a one stage fourth brachymetatarsia lengthening. The radiographic findings show boneresorption at the graft site. Based on the radiographic findings, what should the next step be? A. take the patient back to the OR and replace graft. B. place a bone stimulator at the site of the graft. C. place the patient on anti-osteoporotic medications. D. continue with the current course of post-operative care. - Correct Answer- Two months status post plantar f...

Physis 3 distanct zones - Correct Answer-zone of growth zone of cartilage maturation zone of cartilage transformation zone of growth - Correct Answer-is closest to the epiphysis and contains resting chondrocytes that progress to dividing cells that arrange in columns. zone of cartilage maturation - Correct Answer-the weakest region due to loss of intracellular matrix. zone of cartilage transformation - Correct Answer-displays cartilage converting to bone. Periosteum is more vasculariz...

Physis 3 distanct zones - Correct answer-zone of growth zone of cartilage maturation zone of cartilage transformation zone of growth - Correct answer-is closest to the epiphysis and contains resting chondrocytes that progress to dividing cells that arrange in columns. zone of cartilage maturation - Correct answer-the weakest region due to loss of intracellular matrix. zone of cartilage transformation - Correct answer-displays cartilage converting to bone. Periosteum is more vasculariz...