Mastersgrade

What are RDA? and how are they should they be used? - ANSWER-Recommended Daily Allowance for specific nutrient for 98% of population What are the limitations for RDAs? - ANSWER- Limitation - set by committee and knowledge is limited for some populations. Safety margins vary (disease, drug/alcohol use), vary by country What are the dietary reference value (DRV)? How is it used? - ANSWER- Recommendation for optimal nutrient intake levels outlined by age and gender - Used o all food labels t...

food sources of zinc - ANSWERGood: Legumes, Beans, Meats, Peas, Poultry, Nuts, Seafoods (crab meat), Oysters, Steaks, Bran cereals fortified with Zinc Bad: Yogurt, Milk, food sources of iron - ANSWERGood: Meat, Fish , Poultry (highest bioavailability) Spinach, Oysters, Legumes, Oysters Dried beans. Dried fruits. Eggs (especially egg yolks) Iron-fortified cereals. Liver. Lean red meat (especially beef) Oysters. Poultry, dark red meat. bad: oils and fats, sugar and candy

The continuous quality improvement team is monitoring the nursing care of clean-contaminated wounds. Which operative wound would be excluded from this study? 1. Gastric resection 2. Uncomplicated abdominal hysterectomy 3. Breast biopsy 4. Lung resection - ANSWER3. Breast biopsy Rationale 1: Clean-contaminated wounds are surgical wounds in which the respiratory, alimentary, genital, or urinary tract has been entered. These wounds show no evidence of infection. A gastric resection would be in...

24-hour food recall - ANSWERclient recalls all the food and beverages consumed during a typical 24-hour period Anabolism - ANSWERMetabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy. Anemia - ANSWERA condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume. anorexia nervosa - ANSWERan eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves basal metabolic rate - ANSWERthe body's resting rate of ener...

Transparent Film Dressing - ANSWERTraps wounds moisture over the wound; ideal for small superficial wounds; can remain in place for up to 5-7 days; allows visual assessment of wound bed without removing dressing Impregnated Non-Adherent Dressing - ANSWERCovers, soothes, and protects partial- and full-thickness wounds without exudate; ideal for postoperative dressing over staples or sutures and superficial burns Hydrocolloid Dressing - ANSWERgel forming polymer such as gelatin, pectin, and ...

essential nutrient (3 qualities) - ANSWERcannot be synthesized in body must be supplied in food prevents specific deficiency disease which vitamins are essential - ANSWERall of them duh components of an assessment of a patient's nutritional status - ANSWERhistory (medical and family), physical findings (anemia assessment - bloodwork), anthropometrics (weight), lab tests RDA - ANSWERrecommended dietary allowances - guideline to prevent deficiency (only work for healthy people) if y...

Assessment for GI issues - ANSWER-daily activities -positioning -meds -intake and output -abdomen & bowel sounds -assessment of stool Assessment of Stool/ Feces - ANSWER-color -consistency -shape -amount -odor -constituents Instructions for Stool Collection - ANSWER-defecate in a clean bedpan or bedside commode -do not contaminate specimen with urine. Void before specimen collection -do not place toilet tissue in the bedpan because toilet paper can affect lab analysis -notify...

How do antiemetics work? (i.e. what is the physiology of nausea? what and where are the receptors locate?) - ANSWERAntiemetics block the CTZ (chemoreceptor trigger zone) which suppresses nausea and vomitting. These receptors are located near the medulla, outside the Blood Brain Barrier When should antiemetics be given? - ANSWERAt least 1 hour before symptoms List at least 4 classes of antiemetic agents. State their mechanism and potential side effects. - ANSWER- anticholinergic: inhibits v...

What is enuresis? - ANSWERInvoluntary urination in children beyond the age when normal bladder control is established What is secondary enuresis? - ANSWERChild who has established proper bladder control for a period of 6 months, but who has since lapsed back to wetting the bed A decrease in kidney function puts the patient at risk for what? - ANSWERToxicity from medication if excretion rates are longer The most noticeable changes with age are related to what? - ANSWERBladder (urgency ...

Rules for hand washing - ANSWER-15-20 seconds -hands lower than elbows -firm rubbing circular motion -remove jewelry rules for baths - ANSWER-long firm strokes -inspect skin -persuasion -stop if distress -use distraction -ask for help complete bath - ANSWERsponge bath bag bath - ANSWERCommercially prepared washcloths that are moistened with a no-rinse-required cleaning product. towel bath - ANSWERNurse uses a single large towel to cover and wash a client tub bath - ANSWE...

what considerations should you consider when doing diagnostic testing - ANSWER•What type of sample is needed and how will it be collected? •Does the client need to stop oral intake for a certain number of hours before procedure? (NPO) •Does the test include administration of contrast dye? •Will medications be given or withheld? •How long will the test take? •Is a consent form required? what does a complete blood count include? - ANSWER•Hgb •Hct •Erythrocytes •RBC ...

Obtaining a capillary blood specimen to measure blood glucose, you should - ANSWERensure there is good blood flow at the puncture site True or False When testing for fecal occult blood, a green color indicates a guaiac positive result. - ANSWERFalse A RN instructing a female patient on obtaining a clean catch urine specimen should stress to: - ANSWERVoid a small amount of urine before collecting the specimen The client has an indwelling catheter. The nurse should obtain a sterile urine...

1) The nurse would call the primary care provider immediately for which laboratory result? 1. Hgb = 16 g/dL for a male client 2. Hct = 22% for a female client 3. WBC = 9 × 103/mL3 4. Platelets = 300 × 103/mL3 - ANSWERAnswer: 2. Rationale: Option 2 is very low and can lead to death. The client's red blood cells participate in oxygenation. Options 1, 3, and 4 are within normal range and should not be reported to the primary care provider. Cognitive Level: Applying. Client Need: Physiologica...

which way do you spiral pack a wound? - ANSWERdistal to proximal how long do you wash your hands for - ANSWER20-30 seconds process of Donning - ANSWERgown to mask to eyewear to gloves how to take off PPE - ANSWERgloves to eyewear to gown to mask Local infection - ANSWERinfection based in one section of the body systemic infection - ANSWERan infection throughout the body nosocomial infection - ANSWERhospital acquired infection modes of transmission - ANSWERdirect, indirect, d...

Which of the following is a cause of bradypnea? Increased activity narcotic analgesics Test anxiety Decreased oxygen saturation - ANSWERnarcotic analgesics A damp/damp dressing is an example of what type of wound debridement? Autolytic Surgical Mechanical Enzymatic - ANSWERMechanical What statement describes a stage 2 pressure ulcer? Damage extends to the fascia Skin is intact and does not blanch Presents as open or fluid-filled blister, or shallow crater Base is covered with s...

What is the least effective decision making process - ANSWERestablishing assumptions what does the trial-and-error method of problem solving lack - ANSWERexactness The research process of problem solving is - ANSWERmost effective when used by experienced nurses why is the nursing process method used in nursing - ANSWERit creates interaction between client and nurse, used to set healthcare needs and goals and plans, and works well in all environments what does critical thinking allow ...

Rules for hand washing - ANSWER-15-20 seconds -hands lower than elbows -firm rubbing circular motion -remove jewelry rules for baths - ANSWER-long firm strokes -inspect skin -persuasion -stop if distress -use distraction -ask for help complete bath - ANSWERsponge bath self help bath - ANSWERpatients confined to bed;can help with back/feet partial bath - ANSWERclient washes everything;nurse washes back bag bath - ANSWERCommercially prepared washcloths that are moistened wit...

When the client's serum sodium level is 120 mEq/L, the priority nursing assessment is to monitor the status of which body system? - ANSWERNeurological While assisting the client with meal selection, the nurse realizes that clients who practice Islam or Judaism share an avoidance of: - ANSWERpork products. The client wants to increase intake of an antioxidant in her diet. The nurse recommends including vitamin C, which is best found in: - ANSWERCorrect Answer: tomatoes. For a child who...

The client's temperature at 8:00 am using an oral electronic thermometer is 36.1°C (97.2°F). If the respiration, pulse, and blood pressure were within normal range, what would the nurse do next? 1. Wait 15 minutes and retake it. 2. Check what the client's temperature was the last time it was taken. 3. Retake it using a different thermometer. 4. Chart the temperature; it is normal - ANSWERAnswer: 2. Rationale: Although the temperature is slightly lower than expected for the morning, it wo...

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