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sexual fungal reproduction - ️️1. plasmogamy 2. heterokaryotic mycelium 3. karyogamy heterokaryotic mycelium - ️️cells contain 2 haploid nuclei from parent (n+n) karyogamy - ️️fusion of nuclei from parents (2n) three domains of life - ️️bacteria, archaea, eukarya methods of gene exchange for bacteria - ️️1. transformation 2. conjugation 3. transduction transduction - ️️-viruses/bacteriophages help to pass genetic information -required initial virus to...

sexual fungal reproduction - ️️1. plasmogamy 2. heterokaryotic mycelium 3. karyogamy heterokaryotic mycelium - ️️cells contain 2 haploid nuclei from parent (n+n) karyogamy - ️️fusion of nuclei from parents (2n) three domains of life - ️️bacteria, archaea, eukarya methods of gene exchange for bacteria - ️️1. transformation 2. conjugation 3. transduction transduction - ️️-viruses/bacteriophages help to pass genetic information -required initial virus to...

Osmoregulation - ️️The control of water balance and solute composition Nitrogenous waste - ️️Formed by the breakdown of proteins and nuclei acids, toxic ammonia is produced Directly excreted - ️️Toxic, needs lots of water, most invertebrates and fresh water fish Waste converted to urea - ️️Low toxicity, requires ATP, turtles mammals marine fish amphibians Waste converted to Uric acid - ️️Relatively nontoxic, largely insoluble in water, birds Four nephron parts...

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ALL animals? A. Heterotrophic B. Together, they form a monophyletic group. C. Multicellular organisms D. Cells lacking cell walls. E. All animals have true tissues and organs. - ️️All animals have true tissues and organs. Which of the following are characteristics of Phylum Cnidaria? (Select All that Apply) A. Specialized stinging cells B. True Tissues C. Complete digestive system D. Nerve Net - ️️A. Specia...

Shaft of long bone - ️️diaphysis Site of longitudinal bone growth - ️️epiphyseal disc Bone-building cell - ️️osteoblast Site of blood cell production - ️️red bone marrow Tough outer covering of the bone - ️️periosteum Enlarged end of a long bone - ️️epiphysis Cancellous bone - ️️spongy bone Osteon - ️️haversian system Bone-eroding cell that helps in bone marrow remodeling - ️️osteoclast Hollow center of a long bone - ️️medullary ...

Shaft of long bone - ️️diaphysis Site of longitudinal bone growth - ️️epiphyseal disc Bone-building cell - ️️osteoblast Site of blood cell production - ️️red bone marrow Tough outer covering of the bone - ️️periosteum Enlarged end of a long bone - ️️epiphysis Cancellous bone - ️️spongy bone Osteon - ️️haversian system Bone-eroding cell that helps in bone marrow remodeling - ️️osteoclast Hollow center of a long bone - ️️medullary ...

The apex of the heart is located - ️️5th intercostal space Which layer of the heart allows it to act as a pump? - ️️Myocardium What is the apex of the heart? - ️️The tip of the heart, pointing down towards the left 5th intercostal space. Which layer of the heart wall contains the epicardium? - ️️Pericardium What surrounds the heart? - ️️Pericardium What is related to the mitral valve (tricuspid valve)? - ️️Bicuspid valve Which of the following contains o...

The apex of the heart is located - ️️5th intercostal space Which layer of the heart allows it to act as a pump? - ️️Myocardium What is the apex of the heart? - ️️The tip of the heart, pointing down towards the left 5th intercostal space. Which layer of the heart wall contains the epicardium? - ️️Pericardium What surrounds the heart? - ️️Pericardium What is related to the mitral valve (tricuspid valve)? - ️️Bicuspid valve Which of the following contains o...

Standard Anatomical Position - ️️Facing observer, upright, palm supine Supine - ️️Facing up (when laying on back) or palm facing anterior Prone - ️️facing down (laying on belly) or palm facing posterior Anterior (Ventral) - ️️Front of body Posterior (Dorsal) - ️️Back of body Superior - ️️Towards the head Inferior - ️️Towards feet Lateral - ️️Away from the midline of the body Medial - ️️Closer to the midline of the body Proximal - ️...

allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left atrium to bypass pulmonary circulation - ️️foramen ovale carries blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava; allows some blood to bypass the liver - ️️ductus venosus atrial contraction; systole; p wave - ️️atrial depolarization max volume of air that can be exhaled following maximal inhalation - ️️vital capacity allows blood in pulmonary artery to flow directly into the descending aorta to byp...