- Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What is Microbiology The specialized area of biology that deals with organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye 6 Characteristics of All Living Things Have cells, grow and develop, reproduce, respond to stimuli, regulate their metabolic activity 5 Major Groups of Microorganisms Bacteria, Algae, Fungi, Protozoa, Helminths Why are viruses not considered microorganisms They are noncellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements (not living) What makes microbes easy to study? They re...

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5 pages

Written in 2024/2025

Grade A+

twishfrancis

Signs objective and measurable. Can be measured by a clinician. -body temp. (98.6 F) -heart rate (60-100 beats per minute) -breathing rate (12-18 breaths per minute) -blood pressure (between 90/60 and 120/80 mm Hg) Symptoms Subjective. Felt by the patient but cannot be clinically confirmed or objectively measured. -nausea -loss of appetite -pain Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale Rate pain on a scale from 0-10 Syndrome A specific group of signs and symptoms characteristic of a particular dise...

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23 pages

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twishfrancis

BIO 2460 Exam bundle with correct answers

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3 items

Juliphy

BIO 2460 UTA Exam I with correct answers

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9 pages

Written in 2024/2025

Grade A+

Juliphy

bio 2460 exam 1 with correct answers

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14 pages

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Grade A+

Juliphy

BIOL 2460- Exam 4 with correct answer

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10 pages

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Juliphy

Biol 2460 Exam 2 with correct answer

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12 pages

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Juliphy

Micro bio 2460 exam 3 with correct answers

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44 pages

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Grade A+

Juliphy

Which method often results in colonies developing down throughout the agar along with some colonies on the surface... pour plate Which of the following organisms shows the proper use of binomial nomenclature... Escherichia coli (italicized) The type of microscope in which you would see brightly illuminated specimens against a black background is... dark-field 6.5% NaCl broth favors the growth of Gram positive organisms, while inhibiting the growth of Gram negative organisms, this media is... ...

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7 pages

Written in 2024/2025

Grade A+

twishfrancis

5 Major Groups of Microbes 1)Bacteria 2)Viruses 3)Fungi 4)Algae 5)Protozoa When bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes arise Arose 2.9 Billion years ago Important roles microbes play on earth for life to exist Roles include: -life-nutrient cycling -decomposition -maintain atmosphere -regulate tempurature How humans use microbes Many examples: Yeast: Production of wine, bread, beer. Fungi: used with yogurt, cheese production Mold: Moldy bread to treat wounds. Biotechnology: M...

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7 pages

Written in 2024/2025

Grade A+

twishfrancis

Aerobic respiration is an example of... chemoheterotrophy Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are moved to salty seawater would... become dehydrated due to the loss of water The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to... one helix that runs from the 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3' to 5' direction When microbes are in a close nutritional relationship, and one benefits but the other is not harmed, it is called... commensalism The method of r...

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4 pages

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Grade A+

twishfrancis

Which of the following would be a sign of an infection? A. muscle aches B. headache C. fever D. nausea C Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? A. infection with a respiratory virus B. food poisoning due to a performed bacterial toxin in food C. skin infection acquired from a dog bite D. infection acquired from the stick of a contaminated needle B During oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patient's gum with a sharp instrument. This allowed Streptococ...

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7 pages

Written in 2024/2025

Grade A+

twishfrancis

Which of the following methods would be used to measure the concentration of bacterial contamination in processed peanut butter? A. turbidity measurement B. total plate count C. dry weight measurement D. direct counting of bacteria on a calibrated slide B In which phase would you expect to observe the most endospores in a Bacillus cell culture? A. death phase B. lag phase C. log phase D. log, lag, and death phases would all have roughly the same number of endopores A During which phase would...

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14 pages

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Grade A+

twishfrancis

Binary Fission 1. Growth of cell size and increase in cell components 2. Replication of DNA 3. Division of the cytoplasm (cytokinesis) 4. Septum formation and division of daughter cells Binary fission step 1 (1. Growth of cell size and increase in cell components) "The most common mechanism of cell replication in bacteria is a process called binary fission, ; Before dividing, the cell grows and increases its number of cellular components." Calculating Number of Cells "The number of cells in...

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29 pages

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Grade A+

twishfrancis

4 basic steps of bacterial reproduction 1. Growth of cell size & increase in cell components 2. Replication of DNA 3. Division of the cytoplasm (cytokineses) 4. Septum formation and division of daughter cells Generation time time takes to double population E. Coli generation time 20 minutes B. Subtilis generation time 120 min S. Aureus generation time 30 min. M.tuberculosis generation time 15-20 hrs Closed cultures have ___ resources infinite Culture density the number of cells per unit v...

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20 pages

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Grade A+

twishfrancis

What are the five basic techniques Microbiologists use to manipulate, grow, examine, and characterize MOs Inoculation; Incubation; Isolation; Inspection; Identification Sterile Complete absence of viable microbe Aspetic Prevention of infection or contamination Pure culture Growth of single species of microbe Inoculation Producing a culture by introducing sample into sterile medium that will sustain growth. Can be taken from blood, CSF, discharge, disease tissues, soil, water, sewage, foods, ...

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6 pages

Written in 2024/2025

Grade A+

twishfrancis

The term prokaryotes refers to which of the following? unicellular organisms that have no nucleus The term microbiota refers to which of the following? all microorganisms in a certain region of the human body Which of the following refers to the type of interaction between two prokaryotic populations in which one population benefits and the other is not affected? commensalism Which of the following describes Proteobacteria in domain Bacteria? phylum Which of the following Alphaproteobacteria...

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6 pages

Written in 2024/2025

Grade A+

twishfrancis

Which of the following is not a major element of a microbial cell? a. nitrogen b. oxygen c. copper d. hydrogen e. carbon c Surfactants work by A. Coating the organism preventing interaction with its environment B. Blocking transport into the organism C. Blocking transport out from the organism D. Disrupting membrane integrity E. All of the choices are correct d Base pairs in DNA are held together by __________ bonds. a. sulfhydryl b. polar covalent c. nonpolar covalent d. hydrogen e. peptid...

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9 pages

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Grade A+

twishfrancis

A bacterial species that cannot tolerate the presence of oxygen and will only grow in the absence of oxygen is classified as a. obligate aerobe b. obligate anaerobe c. facultative aerobe d. mcroaerophile e. aerotolerant anaerobe b A bacterial isolate is subcultured to two blood agar plates, one of which is incubated in an anaerobe jar, and the other is incubated on a shelf in the incubator. After incubation, growth is observed on the plate from the anaerobe jar, but there is no growth on the p...

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7 pages

Written in 2024/2025

Grade A+

twishfrancis

Binary Fission Most common form of bacterial reproduction Binary fission 4 Basic steps 1. Growth of cell size and increase in cell components 2. Replication of DNA 3. Division of Cytoplasm (cytokinesis) 4. Septum formation and division of daughter cells Fstz 1. Cytokinesis is directed by this protein 2. Assembles Z ring to form (Divisome) What activates the production of a peptidoglycan and septum? Divisome Generation (Doubling Time) Time takes to double population through one round of binar...

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12 pages

Written in 2024/2025

Grade A+

twishfrancis