- Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

This is my study guide for the big key points on Exam 2. Study the graphs and the chart towards the end.

What is Cressey's Fraud Triangle? (Ans- 1. Pressure: the need for committing fraud (e.g., a need for money) 2. Opportunity: the situation that enables fraud to occur (e.g., internal controls are weak or nonexistent) 3. Rationalization: the mindset of the fraudster that justifies the fraud (e.g., financial strain) The fraud triangle provides insights into the conditions under which fraud will take place. The fraud triangle also provides strategies for reducing the occurrence of fraud ...

What is a weighted mean? (Ans- -When a data set contains several repeated values, this may be used simplify the calculation (instead of adding each value together) -It may be used to calculate the mean of multiple data sets where only the mean and frequency (n) of each data set is known Equation: Σ(x*w) / Σ(w) Key: x = score, w = frequency, x*w = score multiplied by frequency Practice: What is the mean, median, and mode of the following numbers? 7, 6, 9, 11, 4, 12, 5, 4 (Ans- n = 8, ...

Why are economically-motivated crimes (EMC) often ignored? (Ans- rarely in the media, not violent in traditional sense What are the costs associated with economically-motivated crimes (EMC)? (Ans- billions of $ annually, impacts corporations and taxpayers, severe compared to "traditional" crime Most common economically-motivated crimes (EMC)? (Ans- assets misappropriation, procurement fraud, accounting fraud, cybercrime This type of economically-motivated crime (EMC) far outnumber...

What are the research methods of evolutionary psychology? (Ans- historical, anthropological, cross-cultural vs. psychological (questionnaires, experiments, observations) What does evolutionary psychology hypothesize about recurring ancestral selection pressures? (Ans- caused conflicts that led to development of evolved psychological mechanisms that manifest as crime/antisocial behavior, *only when certain environmental cues are present* How does evolutionary psychology explain male-on-ma...

What is reliability (Ansability for an instrument to produce consistent observations: ~Test-retest reliability ~Parallel forms reliability ~Inter-rater reliability ~Internal consistency test-retest reliability (Ansa method for determining the reliability of a test by comparing a test taker's scores on the same test taken on separate occasions: correlate these scores Parallel Forms Reliability (Ansused to determine if multiple forms of a test are consistent; correlate scores of eac...

Three years ago, you used a risk instrument to assess an offender's risk and predicted that they were low risk to re-offend upon release into the community. In the three years since the offender was released, he/she has re-offended and was sent back to prison. What is the term used to describe this situation? (Ans- False negative (miss) Which of the following is not an example of a static risk factor? (Ans- Level of impulsivity How many generations are there in Bonta's (1996) model...

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