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1. Cognitive
learners can only process a limited quantity of information at a time
Load Theory
Information should be provided within these limits (7 items +/- 2)
2. Chunking method for reducing the number of items to be recalled
ex: Phone number - (###) ### - ####•
10 individual numbers but only 3 chunks to recall
Clinicians create illness scripts that chunk individual clinical findings into
robust clinical patterns
3. Situated
Cogni- tion 6. Ethical reasoning
Theory
4. Collaborati
ve
reasoning
5. Diagnostic
rea- soning
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context of the situation matters
Clinician, patient, &
environmental factors
shared goal setting and decision
making by the patient &
clinician
grouping relevant
information while
separating confounding
information to arrive at a
clinical diagnosis
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process that guides clinician to resolve political, moral, and/or economic
dilem- mas
7. Hypothetico- Creating a list of potential hypothesis based on initial information &
de- ductive systematically testing each hypotheses for their plausibility (system 2
reasoning thinking; slow, analytical, deductive)
8. Intuitive comparing a patient's current presentation with one experienced
reason- ing previously. Relies on instance scripts
9. Narrative reason- making sense of the patient's story and how it shapes their beliefs,
feelings, and
ing understanding of their clinical problem
10. Pattern recognition of certain features of a case that allow for quick diagnosis
recogni- tion (system 1; non-analytical thinking, inductive)
11. Teaching as aimed at behavior modification through empowering patient with
rea- soning knowledge (what information to teach & strategies to teach it)
12. Dual A theory stating that the mind is composed of both conscious and
processing unconscious activity
theory
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