JCAT/COA PRACTICE TEST | PRACTICE QUESTIONS FROM INDEPENDENT STUDY GUIDE |
2025/2026 UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Ametropia - (ANSWER)refractive error
Asthenopia - (ANSWER)Eye strain
Esotropia - (ANSWER)Inward turning of the eye
Anisometropia - (ANSWER)Difference in refractive power between the two eyes.
Anisocoria - (ANSWER)Difference in pupil sizes
Symptoms of conjunctivitis - (ANSWER)red, irritated, bloodshot eyes
Chief complaint - (ANSWER)the main reason for the patient's visit; eye fatigue, headaches, blurred
vision, esotropia
Keratoconus - (ANSWER)cone shaped protrusion of the cornea; causes distorted vision.
Diplopia - (ANSWER)double vision
When is the PAM used? - (ANSWER)To get visual acuity of patients with cataracts
How many inches should near vision charts be held from patient's eyes? - (ANSWER)14-16 inches
Pinhole disc - (ANSWER)Used to get visual acuity by taking out any refractive error.
Recommended distance for assessing distance acuity - (ANSWER)20 feet
, JCAT/COA PRACTICE TEST | PRACTICE QUESTIONS FROM INDEPENDENT STUDY GUIDE |
2025/2026 UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
What is meant by 20/60 vision? - (ANSWER)The patient is able to clearly see an object at 20 feet that a
can be seen at 60 feet by a person with no refractive error. Gold standard of vision is 20/20.
What does the numerator stand for in 20/20 - (ANSWER)Distance from the patients eyes to the chart.
Snellen chart - (ANSWER)Letters subtend the same amount of arc but some letters are easier to
recognize than others.
When is counting fingers used? - (ANSWER)When the patient cannot read the largest letter on the
Snellen chart.
At what age is an infant expected to reach for toys? 2-4, 4-6, 6-8 or 8-10 months? - (ANSWER)4-6
months
Most common way to record visual acuity in infants and pre verbal children? MCS, CSM, MCG, CMG -
(ANSWER)CSM
How many degrees does the Amsler grid evaluate? 10, 20, 45, 90? - (ANSWER)20
Term for an area of complete or partial blindness in an otherwise normal visual field. -
(ANSWER)Scotoma
Visual field loss due to optic nerve cupping is related to which condition? Glaucoma, Tropia, Phoria,
Nystagmus - (ANSWER)Glaucoma
Type of perimetry technique that involves a moving target - (ANSWER)Kinetic
Scotomas located immediately nasal or temporal to fixation are known as...central, paracentral, acruate,
nasal step. - (ANSWER)Paracentral
2025/2026 UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Ametropia - (ANSWER)refractive error
Asthenopia - (ANSWER)Eye strain
Esotropia - (ANSWER)Inward turning of the eye
Anisometropia - (ANSWER)Difference in refractive power between the two eyes.
Anisocoria - (ANSWER)Difference in pupil sizes
Symptoms of conjunctivitis - (ANSWER)red, irritated, bloodshot eyes
Chief complaint - (ANSWER)the main reason for the patient's visit; eye fatigue, headaches, blurred
vision, esotropia
Keratoconus - (ANSWER)cone shaped protrusion of the cornea; causes distorted vision.
Diplopia - (ANSWER)double vision
When is the PAM used? - (ANSWER)To get visual acuity of patients with cataracts
How many inches should near vision charts be held from patient's eyes? - (ANSWER)14-16 inches
Pinhole disc - (ANSWER)Used to get visual acuity by taking out any refractive error.
Recommended distance for assessing distance acuity - (ANSWER)20 feet
, JCAT/COA PRACTICE TEST | PRACTICE QUESTIONS FROM INDEPENDENT STUDY GUIDE |
2025/2026 UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
What is meant by 20/60 vision? - (ANSWER)The patient is able to clearly see an object at 20 feet that a
can be seen at 60 feet by a person with no refractive error. Gold standard of vision is 20/20.
What does the numerator stand for in 20/20 - (ANSWER)Distance from the patients eyes to the chart.
Snellen chart - (ANSWER)Letters subtend the same amount of arc but some letters are easier to
recognize than others.
When is counting fingers used? - (ANSWER)When the patient cannot read the largest letter on the
Snellen chart.
At what age is an infant expected to reach for toys? 2-4, 4-6, 6-8 or 8-10 months? - (ANSWER)4-6
months
Most common way to record visual acuity in infants and pre verbal children? MCS, CSM, MCG, CMG -
(ANSWER)CSM
How many degrees does the Amsler grid evaluate? 10, 20, 45, 90? - (ANSWER)20
Term for an area of complete or partial blindness in an otherwise normal visual field. -
(ANSWER)Scotoma
Visual field loss due to optic nerve cupping is related to which condition? Glaucoma, Tropia, Phoria,
Nystagmus - (ANSWER)Glaucoma
Type of perimetry technique that involves a moving target - (ANSWER)Kinetic
Scotomas located immediately nasal or temporal to fixation are known as...central, paracentral, acruate,
nasal step. - (ANSWER)Paracentral
