EMT Final Study guide
Activated Charcoal is a medication used in emergency medical care for ingested poisonings.
It is a special type of charcoal treated with superheated steam to
become porous, allowing it to adsorb contaminants effectively. A typical
50-gram dose has a surface area equivalent to 10 football fields,
enhancing its ability to inhibit poison absorption into the body.
adimistraion of epi administration:
Obtain medical direction approval.
Use the patient's prescribed auto-injector, ensuring it is not expired or
discolored.
Remove the safety cap and place the injector against the lateral thigh.
Push firmly until the needle deploys and hold until the medication is fully
injected.
Dispose of the injector safely.
adult AED pads Anteroposterior Placement: Place one pad on the center of the chest
(anterior) and the other on the back (posterior), between the shoulder
blades. This arrangement helps ensure the electrical current passes
through the heart effectively.
, EMT Final Study guide
APGAR SCORE? Appearance (Skin Color):
0: Blue or pale
1: Pink body, blue extremities
2: Completely pink
Pulse (Heart Rate):
0: Absent
1: Below 100 beats per minute
2: Above 100 beats per minute
Grimace (Reflex Irritability):
0: No response
1: Grimace
2: Cries or coughs
Activity (Muscle Tone):
0: Limp
1: Some flexion
2: Active motion
Respirations (Breathing Effort):
0: Absent
1: Slow and irregular
2: Strong cry
, EMT Final Study guide
APGAR Score: The APGAR score is a quick test performed on a newborn at 1 minute and
What is it and how often do you check it? 5 minutes after birth. It helps assess how well the baby is transitioning to
It is to see how the baby is doing with the outside life outside the womb
Application Steps: Traction splint
Assess: Check distal pulse, motor function, and sensation before and
after applying the splint.
Align: If there's severe deformity or cyanosis, gently align the limb with
traction unless pain or resistance increases.
Immobilize: Secure the joints above and below the injury.
Pad and Secure: Pad the splint and maintain manual traction until the
splint is fully applied.
When Not to Use: Avoid using traction splints if the injury is near the knee
or ankle, involves the knee, hip, or pelvis, or if there's partial amputation
with bone separation.
Arterial bleeds Appearance: Bright red, spurting blood due to high oxygen content.
Flow: Blood spurts in rhythm with the heartbeat, making it difficult to
control.
Pressure: Requires significant pressure to stop, often needing constant,
hard pressure for 20 minutes or more.
, EMT Final Study guide
ASPRIN WHEN TO GIVE IT Aspirin is given as soon as possible after the onset of chest discomfort or
symptoms suggestive of a heart attack. Approval from medical direction
is required before administration.
Beta 1 Receptors: Heart Rate: Beta 1 receptors primarily affect the heart. When stimulated,
they increase heart rate and the force of cardiac contraction. This results
in tachycardia (rapid heartbeat) and a stronger heartbeat, which
enhances cardiac output and blood pressure.
Electrical Impulse: They also speed up the electrical impulse through the
heart's conduction system, further contributing to an increased heart
rate.
Beta 2 Receptors: Bronchodilation: Beta 2 receptors are responsible for relaxing smooth
muscles, particularly in the bronchioles. This leads to bronchodilation,
reducing airway resistance and improving airflow and oxygen delivery to
the alveoli.
Skeletal Muscle: They also enhance skeletal muscle contractility, which
can cause tremors.
Activated Charcoal is a medication used in emergency medical care for ingested poisonings.
It is a special type of charcoal treated with superheated steam to
become porous, allowing it to adsorb contaminants effectively. A typical
50-gram dose has a surface area equivalent to 10 football fields,
enhancing its ability to inhibit poison absorption into the body.
adimistraion of epi administration:
Obtain medical direction approval.
Use the patient's prescribed auto-injector, ensuring it is not expired or
discolored.
Remove the safety cap and place the injector against the lateral thigh.
Push firmly until the needle deploys and hold until the medication is fully
injected.
Dispose of the injector safely.
adult AED pads Anteroposterior Placement: Place one pad on the center of the chest
(anterior) and the other on the back (posterior), between the shoulder
blades. This arrangement helps ensure the electrical current passes
through the heart effectively.
, EMT Final Study guide
APGAR SCORE? Appearance (Skin Color):
0: Blue or pale
1: Pink body, blue extremities
2: Completely pink
Pulse (Heart Rate):
0: Absent
1: Below 100 beats per minute
2: Above 100 beats per minute
Grimace (Reflex Irritability):
0: No response
1: Grimace
2: Cries or coughs
Activity (Muscle Tone):
0: Limp
1: Some flexion
2: Active motion
Respirations (Breathing Effort):
0: Absent
1: Slow and irregular
2: Strong cry
, EMT Final Study guide
APGAR Score: The APGAR score is a quick test performed on a newborn at 1 minute and
What is it and how often do you check it? 5 minutes after birth. It helps assess how well the baby is transitioning to
It is to see how the baby is doing with the outside life outside the womb
Application Steps: Traction splint
Assess: Check distal pulse, motor function, and sensation before and
after applying the splint.
Align: If there's severe deformity or cyanosis, gently align the limb with
traction unless pain or resistance increases.
Immobilize: Secure the joints above and below the injury.
Pad and Secure: Pad the splint and maintain manual traction until the
splint is fully applied.
When Not to Use: Avoid using traction splints if the injury is near the knee
or ankle, involves the knee, hip, or pelvis, or if there's partial amputation
with bone separation.
Arterial bleeds Appearance: Bright red, spurting blood due to high oxygen content.
Flow: Blood spurts in rhythm with the heartbeat, making it difficult to
control.
Pressure: Requires significant pressure to stop, often needing constant,
hard pressure for 20 minutes or more.
, EMT Final Study guide
ASPRIN WHEN TO GIVE IT Aspirin is given as soon as possible after the onset of chest discomfort or
symptoms suggestive of a heart attack. Approval from medical direction
is required before administration.
Beta 1 Receptors: Heart Rate: Beta 1 receptors primarily affect the heart. When stimulated,
they increase heart rate and the force of cardiac contraction. This results
in tachycardia (rapid heartbeat) and a stronger heartbeat, which
enhances cardiac output and blood pressure.
Electrical Impulse: They also speed up the electrical impulse through the
heart's conduction system, further contributing to an increased heart
rate.
Beta 2 Receptors: Bronchodilation: Beta 2 receptors are responsible for relaxing smooth
muscles, particularly in the bronchioles. This leads to bronchodilation,
reducing airway resistance and improving airflow and oxygen delivery to
the alveoli.
Skeletal Muscle: They also enhance skeletal muscle contractility, which
can cause tremors.
