NHM 101 Final Exam Review
(2025/2026) questions well answered
Six Classes of Nutrients - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals,
water
Which nutrients provide energy - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, lipids, proteins
nutrition calculations - correct answer ✔✔Carbohydrates: 4 kcal/gm
Fats: 9 kcal/gm
Proteins: 4 kcal/gm
Alcohols: 7 kcal/gm
1 pound= 2.2 kilograms
what is UL - correct answer ✔✔Tolerable Upper Intake Level- the maximum amount considered
not likely to be a risk for healthy people in a specified group; this is NOT recommended level to
take.
what is RDA - correct answer ✔✔Average amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of nearly
all (97 to 98 percent) individuals. Based on the EAR, but set higher.
what is AI - correct answer ✔✔adequate intake -- used when insufficient evidence exists for
EAR, RDA
best source of nutrition information - correct answer ✔✔qualified nutrition professionals:
registered dietitians, some physicians
,MyPlate - correct answer ✔✔A food-group plan that provides practical advice to ensure a
balanced intake of the essential nutrients.
food groups - correct answer ✔✔fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, dairy
nutrient claims - correct answer ✔✔characterize the level of nutrient in the food
health claims - correct answer ✔✔characterize the relationship of a food or food component to
a disease or health-related condition
structure/function claims - correct answer ✔✔describe the effect that a substance has on the
structure or function of the body ad do not reference a disease
fat free - correct answer ✔✔less than 0.5 g of fat per serving
low fat - correct answer ✔✔3 grams or less of fat per serving
trans-fat free - correct answer ✔✔less than 0.5 gram of trans fat and less than 0.5 gram of
saturated fat per serving.
light or lite - correct answer ✔✔1/3 fewer kcal than the comparison food
organic - correct answer ✔✔at least 95% of the products ingredients have been grown and
processed according to USDA regulations
Anatomy of the digestive tract - correct answer ✔✔Mouth: mechanical digestion (food chewed)
Esophagus: moves food from mouth to stomach
Stomach: chemical and mechanical digestion, turns food into chyme
, Small Intestine: 3 segments duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Most digestion occurs here
Large Intestine: withdraws water
movement of food through the digestive tract - correct answer ✔✔Mouth > Esophagus >
Stomach > Small Intestine > Large Intestine > Rectum > Anus
Peristalsis - correct answer ✔✔propulsion of food through digestive tract
GI tract sphincters - correct answer ✔✔upper esophageal, lower esophageal, pyloric, ileocecal
valve, 2 anal
absorption - correct answer ✔✔-most occurs in the small intestine
-fiber is not absorbed
Carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔Structure:
-Monosaccharides
-Disaccharides
-Polysaccharides
Function:
-Energy
Characteristics:
-Only contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Lipids - correct answer ✔✔Structure:
o Saturated
(2025/2026) questions well answered
Six Classes of Nutrients - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals,
water
Which nutrients provide energy - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, lipids, proteins
nutrition calculations - correct answer ✔✔Carbohydrates: 4 kcal/gm
Fats: 9 kcal/gm
Proteins: 4 kcal/gm
Alcohols: 7 kcal/gm
1 pound= 2.2 kilograms
what is UL - correct answer ✔✔Tolerable Upper Intake Level- the maximum amount considered
not likely to be a risk for healthy people in a specified group; this is NOT recommended level to
take.
what is RDA - correct answer ✔✔Average amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of nearly
all (97 to 98 percent) individuals. Based on the EAR, but set higher.
what is AI - correct answer ✔✔adequate intake -- used when insufficient evidence exists for
EAR, RDA
best source of nutrition information - correct answer ✔✔qualified nutrition professionals:
registered dietitians, some physicians
,MyPlate - correct answer ✔✔A food-group plan that provides practical advice to ensure a
balanced intake of the essential nutrients.
food groups - correct answer ✔✔fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, dairy
nutrient claims - correct answer ✔✔characterize the level of nutrient in the food
health claims - correct answer ✔✔characterize the relationship of a food or food component to
a disease or health-related condition
structure/function claims - correct answer ✔✔describe the effect that a substance has on the
structure or function of the body ad do not reference a disease
fat free - correct answer ✔✔less than 0.5 g of fat per serving
low fat - correct answer ✔✔3 grams or less of fat per serving
trans-fat free - correct answer ✔✔less than 0.5 gram of trans fat and less than 0.5 gram of
saturated fat per serving.
light or lite - correct answer ✔✔1/3 fewer kcal than the comparison food
organic - correct answer ✔✔at least 95% of the products ingredients have been grown and
processed according to USDA regulations
Anatomy of the digestive tract - correct answer ✔✔Mouth: mechanical digestion (food chewed)
Esophagus: moves food from mouth to stomach
Stomach: chemical and mechanical digestion, turns food into chyme
, Small Intestine: 3 segments duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Most digestion occurs here
Large Intestine: withdraws water
movement of food through the digestive tract - correct answer ✔✔Mouth > Esophagus >
Stomach > Small Intestine > Large Intestine > Rectum > Anus
Peristalsis - correct answer ✔✔propulsion of food through digestive tract
GI tract sphincters - correct answer ✔✔upper esophageal, lower esophageal, pyloric, ileocecal
valve, 2 anal
absorption - correct answer ✔✔-most occurs in the small intestine
-fiber is not absorbed
Carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔Structure:
-Monosaccharides
-Disaccharides
-Polysaccharides
Function:
-Energy
Characteristics:
-Only contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Lipids - correct answer ✔✔Structure:
o Saturated
