NHM 363 Final exam Comprehensive
questions with correct answers
2025/2026
Modified diets - correct answer ✔✔may include altering the
-consistency of foods or liquids
-route of delivery (enteral or parenteral)
-energy or nutrient content of the diet
-number & frequency of meals
-specific foods one can consume
goals of diet order - correct answer ✔✔restore nutritional status
-rest or relieve affected organ
-accommodate altered GI function
-Accommodate altered nutrient needs
Diabetic diets - correct answer ✔✔*ADA X kcal diet 1200, 1600, 1800, 220, 2500, etc based on
pts needs
-nutritionally complete
-provides diets w/ set # of CHO per meal /snacks
*no concentrated sweets = more liberalized diet
Sodium-restricted diets - correct answer ✔✔***low-sodium good w/ HTN, CVD, heart failure,
liver disease, kidney disease
, -strict around 1500mg
-moderate around 2 grams
***No added salt= least restrictive, regular diets with no salt added
cardiac diet (aka heart healthy diet) - correct answer ✔✔-Low fat (esp. saturated fat), low
sodium, low cholesterol diet
-good for ppl w/ CVD
-may include egg substitutes & increased fruits, veggies & fiber
-NO fried foods, or added salt
Low-fat diet - correct answer ✔✔used for pts w/ GERD, fat-malabsorption, weight loss, etc.
-nutritionally complete
-fat restriction may be expressed in grams or %kcals (10-15% kcals from fat)
renal diet - correct answer ✔✔used for pts w/ kidney disease
-controlled fluid & protein
-limit potassium (bananas, tomatoes, potatoes, salt substitute, chocolate, greens), sodium,
phosphorus (diary products, dark sodas, dry beans & peas, whole grains etc.)
low residue diet (low fiber) - correct answer ✔✔significantly decreases fecal volume &
promotes bowel rest
-prescribed for acute inflammatory states, partial obstructions, bowel preps, etc.
-eliminates fibrous fruits & veggies including skin, seeds, hull; whole grain products; legumes;
meat & shellfish w/ tough connective tissue
Neutropenic Diet - correct answer ✔✔for pts with immune impairment
questions with correct answers
2025/2026
Modified diets - correct answer ✔✔may include altering the
-consistency of foods or liquids
-route of delivery (enteral or parenteral)
-energy or nutrient content of the diet
-number & frequency of meals
-specific foods one can consume
goals of diet order - correct answer ✔✔restore nutritional status
-rest or relieve affected organ
-accommodate altered GI function
-Accommodate altered nutrient needs
Diabetic diets - correct answer ✔✔*ADA X kcal diet 1200, 1600, 1800, 220, 2500, etc based on
pts needs
-nutritionally complete
-provides diets w/ set # of CHO per meal /snacks
*no concentrated sweets = more liberalized diet
Sodium-restricted diets - correct answer ✔✔***low-sodium good w/ HTN, CVD, heart failure,
liver disease, kidney disease
, -strict around 1500mg
-moderate around 2 grams
***No added salt= least restrictive, regular diets with no salt added
cardiac diet (aka heart healthy diet) - correct answer ✔✔-Low fat (esp. saturated fat), low
sodium, low cholesterol diet
-good for ppl w/ CVD
-may include egg substitutes & increased fruits, veggies & fiber
-NO fried foods, or added salt
Low-fat diet - correct answer ✔✔used for pts w/ GERD, fat-malabsorption, weight loss, etc.
-nutritionally complete
-fat restriction may be expressed in grams or %kcals (10-15% kcals from fat)
renal diet - correct answer ✔✔used for pts w/ kidney disease
-controlled fluid & protein
-limit potassium (bananas, tomatoes, potatoes, salt substitute, chocolate, greens), sodium,
phosphorus (diary products, dark sodas, dry beans & peas, whole grains etc.)
low residue diet (low fiber) - correct answer ✔✔significantly decreases fecal volume &
promotes bowel rest
-prescribed for acute inflammatory states, partial obstructions, bowel preps, etc.
-eliminates fibrous fruits & veggies including skin, seeds, hull; whole grain products; legumes;
meat & shellfish w/ tough connective tissue
Neutropenic Diet - correct answer ✔✔for pts with immune impairment
