lOMoARcPSD|61299927
PEDS/OB HESI PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
1. A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should
the nurse plan to administer for treatment of this disorder? - answer Nystatin
(antifungal)
2. Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration
with the healthcare provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse
anticipate? - answer A trial of human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone.
[A trial of HCG (human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone) may aid in testicular
descent, but does not replace surgical repair for true undescended testes.
Undescended testes (cryptorchidism) may be found in the inguinal canal due to
exaggerated cremasteric reflex.]
3. The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old child with cystic fibrosis about
respiratory treatments. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the parents
understand?
a.Perform postural drainage before starting the aerosol therapy.
b. Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
c.Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
d. Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any respiratory
infection.
[Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most effective when performed
after nebulization and one hour before meals and/or at least ft hours after eating
to prevent nausea and vomiting and potential aspiration. Postural drainage uses
gravity to promote mucous removal after the nebulization treatments has
liquefied the secretions, therefore helps open the airways. Pulmonary toileting or
respiratory treatments should be given 3 to 4 times daily.]
4. The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer
bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when he "has a
tummy ache." After
reminding the mother to check the label of all over-the-counter drugs for the
presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse include when replying to
this mother's question?
Downloaded by James Banks ()
, lOMoARcPSD|61299927
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least ff6 years old.
d. Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy ache
[Pepto Bismol, Bismylate contains subsalicylate and if used in the presence of a
viral illness, there is the potential of developing Reye's syndrome, a sometimes
fatal condition for children.]
5. The nurse is assessing an 8-month-old child who has a medical diagnosis of
Tetrology of Fallot. Which symptom is this client most likely to exhibit?
a. Bradycardia
b. Machinery murmur
c. Weak pedal pulses
d. Clubbed fingers
[Tetrology of Fallot, a cyanotic heart defect, causes clubbing of fingers and toes
(D) due to tissue hypoxia. Tachycardia, not (A), is a manifestation of congenital
heart disease. (B) is a classic sign of ventricular septal defect. (C) is characteristic
of coarctation of the aorta.]
6. During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's
ear reveals a tympanic membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not
movable. What action should the nurse take next?
a. No action required, as this is an expected finding for a school-aged child.
b. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
c. Send a note home advising the parents to have the child evaluated by a
healthcare provider as soon as possible.
d. Call the parents and have them take the child home from school for the rest
of the day. - answer b. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or
any ear pain lately.
7. A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris.
What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in this client's
teaching plan?
Downloaded by James Banks ()
PEDS/OB HESI PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
1. A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should
the nurse plan to administer for treatment of this disorder? - answer Nystatin
(antifungal)
2. Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration
with the healthcare provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse
anticipate? - answer A trial of human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone.
[A trial of HCG (human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone) may aid in testicular
descent, but does not replace surgical repair for true undescended testes.
Undescended testes (cryptorchidism) may be found in the inguinal canal due to
exaggerated cremasteric reflex.]
3. The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old child with cystic fibrosis about
respiratory treatments. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the parents
understand?
a.Perform postural drainage before starting the aerosol therapy.
b. Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
c.Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
d. Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any respiratory
infection.
[Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most effective when performed
after nebulization and one hour before meals and/or at least ft hours after eating
to prevent nausea and vomiting and potential aspiration. Postural drainage uses
gravity to promote mucous removal after the nebulization treatments has
liquefied the secretions, therefore helps open the airways. Pulmonary toileting or
respiratory treatments should be given 3 to 4 times daily.]
4. The mother of a preschool-aged child asks the nurse if it is all right to administer
bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol, Bismylate) to her son when he "has a
tummy ache." After
reminding the mother to check the label of all over-the-counter drugs for the
presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse include when replying to
this mother's question?
Downloaded by James Banks ()
, lOMoARcPSD|61299927
a. If the child's tongue darkens, discontinue the Pepto Bismol immediately.
b. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any other viral illness.
c. Avoid the use of Pepto Bismol until the child is at least ff6 years old.
d. Pepto Bismol may cause a rebound hyperacidity, worsening the "tummy ache
[Pepto Bismol, Bismylate contains subsalicylate and if used in the presence of a
viral illness, there is the potential of developing Reye's syndrome, a sometimes
fatal condition for children.]
5. The nurse is assessing an 8-month-old child who has a medical diagnosis of
Tetrology of Fallot. Which symptom is this client most likely to exhibit?
a. Bradycardia
b. Machinery murmur
c. Weak pedal pulses
d. Clubbed fingers
[Tetrology of Fallot, a cyanotic heart defect, causes clubbing of fingers and toes
(D) due to tissue hypoxia. Tachycardia, not (A), is a manifestation of congenital
heart disease. (B) is a classic sign of ventricular septal defect. (C) is characteristic
of coarctation of the aorta.]
6. During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's
ear reveals a tympanic membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not
movable. What action should the nurse take next?
a. No action required, as this is an expected finding for a school-aged child.
b. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
c. Send a note home advising the parents to have the child evaluated by a
healthcare provider as soon as possible.
d. Call the parents and have them take the child home from school for the rest
of the day. - answer b. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or
any ear pain lately.
7. A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris.
What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in this client's
teaching plan?
Downloaded by James Banks ()
