TEST BANK Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2nd Edition by Tagher Knapp Chapters 1 - 34 | All Chapters

Chapters 1 - 34 | All Chapters
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,
,Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis x@ x @




1. Which intervention is appropriate for the infant hospitalized with bronchiolitis?
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a. Position on the side with neck slightly flexed. x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@




b. Administer antibiotics as ordered. x@ x@ x@



c. Restrict oral and parenteral fluids if tachypneic.
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d. Give cool, humidified oxyge x@ x@ x@



n. ANSWER: D
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Cool, humidified oxygen is given to relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, and insensible fluid loss
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x@from tachypnea. The infant should be positioned with the head and chest elevated at a 30
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- to 40-
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degree angle and the neck slightly extended to maintain an open airway and decrease pre
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ssure on the diaphragm. The etiology of bronchiolitis is viral. Antibiotics are given only
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if there is a secondary bacterial infection. Tachypnea increases insensible fluid loss. If th
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e infant is tachypneic, fluids are given parenterally to prevent dehydration.
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2. An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory sync
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ytial virus (RSV). The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what
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type of isolation?
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a. Reverse isolation x@



b. Airborne isolation x@




c. Contact Precautions x@



d. Standard Precautions x@


ANSWER: C
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RSV is transmitted through droplets. In addition to Standard Precautions and hand washin
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g, Contact Precautions are required. Caregivers must use gloves and gowns when enterin
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g the room. Care is taken not to touch their own eyes or mucous membranes with a con
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taminated gloved hand. Children are placed in a private room or in a room with other c
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hildren with RSV infections. Reverse isolation focuses on keeping bacteria away from the
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infant. With RSV, other children need to be protected from exposure to the virus. The vi
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rus is not airborne.
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3. A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respi
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ration. This suggests what condition?
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a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign body in trache x@ x@ x@



a ANSWER: A
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, Asthma may have these chronic signs and symptoms. Pneumonia appears with an acute on
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set, fever, and general malaise. Bronchiolitis is an acute condition caused by respiratory s
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yncytial