1
NURS 100
NURS 100 / NURS100: Quiz 3 Exam – Fundamentals of
Nursing |WCU (Latest 2026/2027) Q&A.
1.Describe cultural influences on health and illness.: Causal beliefs about health
(punishment from God or biomedical cause)
Illness expression (lightly or dramatically)
Symptoms of illness (related to illness expression)
Taboos (whether or not mental health is accepted)
2.Describe cultural competence and culturally congruent care.: Cultural competence -
enabling of health care providers to deliver services that are respectful of and
responsive to the health beliefs, practices, and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse
patients
Culturally Congruent Care - care that fits a person's life patterns, values, and system of
meaning (patient-centered)
NURS 100
, 2
NURS 100
3.Explain the concept of health disparities.: Health Disparity - A particular type of health
difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental
disadvantage
Health Care Disparities - differences among populations in their availability, accessibility,
and quality of health care services
Example - poor health outcomes due to lower wages
4.What is ethics?: The study of conduct and character. It is concerned with determining
what is good or valuable for individuals and society at large.
5.Discuss the role of values in the study of ethics.: A value is a personal belief about the
worth of a given idea, attitude, custom, or object that sets standards that influence
behavior. An ethical dilemma is caused by conflicting values.
6.Discuss the role of ethics in professional nursing.: helps professional groups settle ques-
tions about practice or behavior
Professional Nursing Code of Ethics - set of guiding principles that all members of a
profession accept
7.What are the basic philosophies of health care ethics.: Utilitarianism, deontology, and
ethics of care
NURS 100
, 3
NURS 100
8.What is utilitarianism?: decision based on greatest good aka what is good for the most
people
ex: redistributing of Alzheimer's research funds to breast cancer research or giving Ebola
vaccines to health care providers first so they can continue to care for patients
9.What is deontology?: doing right is a moral duty
ex: someone gets into a car accident and is emitted into the ER, care must be provided
despite lack of medical insurance
10. What is ethics of care?: Emphasizes the importance of understanding relationships,
especially as they are revealed in personal narratives
11. What is accountability?: the procedures and processes by which one party justifies
and takes responsibility for its activities
12. What is autonomy?: commitment to include patients in decisions
13. What is beneficence?: taking positive actions to help others
14. What is nonmaleficence?: avoidance of harm or hurt
15. What is fedelity?: agreement to keep promises
16. What is veracity?: telling the truth
NURS 100
, 4
NURS 100
17. Discuss the steps of ethical dilemma resolution.: To resolve ethical dilemmas, one
needs to distinguish among values, facts, and opinion.
Steps:
1.Is this an ethical problem?
2.Gather information
3.Identify the ethical elements, clarifying values
4.Name the problem
5.Identify possible courses of action
6.Create and implement an action plan
7.Evaluate the plan over time
18. What is illness: The way that individuals and families react to disease
19. What is disease: Malfunctioning biological or psychological processes
20. How does culture relate to disease and illness?: Culture affects how an individual
defines illness and disease/ Example: Depending on one's culture, illness can either be
viewed as a punishment from God or caused from biomedical reasons
21. What is transcultural nursing?: a comparative study of cultures to understand their
similarities and differences
NURS 100
NURS 100
NURS 100 / NURS100: Quiz 3 Exam – Fundamentals of
Nursing |WCU (Latest 2026/2027) Q&A.
1.Describe cultural influences on health and illness.: Causal beliefs about health
(punishment from God or biomedical cause)
Illness expression (lightly or dramatically)
Symptoms of illness (related to illness expression)
Taboos (whether or not mental health is accepted)
2.Describe cultural competence and culturally congruent care.: Cultural competence -
enabling of health care providers to deliver services that are respectful of and
responsive to the health beliefs, practices, and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse
patients
Culturally Congruent Care - care that fits a person's life patterns, values, and system of
meaning (patient-centered)
NURS 100
, 2
NURS 100
3.Explain the concept of health disparities.: Health Disparity - A particular type of health
difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental
disadvantage
Health Care Disparities - differences among populations in their availability, accessibility,
and quality of health care services
Example - poor health outcomes due to lower wages
4.What is ethics?: The study of conduct and character. It is concerned with determining
what is good or valuable for individuals and society at large.
5.Discuss the role of values in the study of ethics.: A value is a personal belief about the
worth of a given idea, attitude, custom, or object that sets standards that influence
behavior. An ethical dilemma is caused by conflicting values.
6.Discuss the role of ethics in professional nursing.: helps professional groups settle ques-
tions about practice or behavior
Professional Nursing Code of Ethics - set of guiding principles that all members of a
profession accept
7.What are the basic philosophies of health care ethics.: Utilitarianism, deontology, and
ethics of care
NURS 100
, 3
NURS 100
8.What is utilitarianism?: decision based on greatest good aka what is good for the most
people
ex: redistributing of Alzheimer's research funds to breast cancer research or giving Ebola
vaccines to health care providers first so they can continue to care for patients
9.What is deontology?: doing right is a moral duty
ex: someone gets into a car accident and is emitted into the ER, care must be provided
despite lack of medical insurance
10. What is ethics of care?: Emphasizes the importance of understanding relationships,
especially as they are revealed in personal narratives
11. What is accountability?: the procedures and processes by which one party justifies
and takes responsibility for its activities
12. What is autonomy?: commitment to include patients in decisions
13. What is beneficence?: taking positive actions to help others
14. What is nonmaleficence?: avoidance of harm or hurt
15. What is fedelity?: agreement to keep promises
16. What is veracity?: telling the truth
NURS 100
, 4
NURS 100
17. Discuss the steps of ethical dilemma resolution.: To resolve ethical dilemmas, one
needs to distinguish among values, facts, and opinion.
Steps:
1.Is this an ethical problem?
2.Gather information
3.Identify the ethical elements, clarifying values
4.Name the problem
5.Identify possible courses of action
6.Create and implement an action plan
7.Evaluate the plan over time
18. What is illness: The way that individuals and families react to disease
19. What is disease: Malfunctioning biological or psychological processes
20. How does culture relate to disease and illness?: Culture affects how an individual
defines illness and disease/ Example: Depending on one's culture, illness can either be
viewed as a punishment from God or caused from biomedical reasons
21. What is transcultural nursing?: a comparative study of cultures to understand their
similarities and differences
NURS 100
