QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Amma - CORRECT ANSWERS The Chinese massage technique used rubbing and pressing
movements.
Tunia - CORRECT ANSWERS Modern Chinese massage
Tsubo - CORRECT ANSWERS Modern Japanese massage. It involves the tsubo points to be
pressed to increase circulation of fluid.
Ayur-Veda - CORRECT ANSWERS A book that developed in India that details massage
treatments as a part of personal hygiene.
Celsus - CORRECT ANSWERS Roman physician who wrote De Medicina, detailing the use
of massage, bathing, and exercise to prevent disease.
Per Henrik Ling - CORRECT ANSWERS Swedish physiologist who developed passive and
active movements to improve physical conditions known as medical gymnastics that evolved
into physical and massage therapy.
Charles Taylor - CORRECT ANSWERS Introduced medical gymnastics to the untied states
and it became know as Swedish movement cure.
Johann Mezger - CORRECT ANSWERS Established terminology for massage strokes based
in French.
Emil Vodder - CORRECT ANSWERS Developed lymphatic drainage
,John Harvey Kellogg - CORRECT ANSWERS Wrote the Art of Massage which details
physiologic effects of massage
Delores Krieger - CORRECT ANSWERS Developed Therapeutic Touch used to re-balance
client's energy field.
James Cyriax - CORRECT ANSWERS Developed deep transverse friction used to promote
healthy scar tissue formation. He's considered father of orthopedic medicine.
Effleurage - CORRECT ANSWERS Gliding stroke directed to the heart. Primarily used at the
beginning of the massage in archer/bow stance.
Petrissage - CORRECT ANSWERS Kneading stroke used to increase circulation. loosen
adhesion, and release metabolic wastes from tissues.
Friction - CORRECT ANSWERS Strokes that move across tissue, used to increase
circulation, break up scar tissue, and stretch muscle.
Tapotment - CORRECT ANSWERS Percussion strokes used to increase muscle spindle
acivity and phlegm in respiratory tract.
Vibration - CORRECT ANSWERS Trembling or shaking movements, fast vibration stimulates
an area, slow vibration sedates an area.
Nerve Stroke - CORRECT ANSWERS Extremely light form of effleurage used at the end of
the massage to separate the therapist from the client.
,Active - CORRECT ANSWERS Client performs an action without assistance.
Active Assistive - CORRECT ANSWERS Client performs an action with assistance.
Passive - CORRECT ANSWERS Massage therapist performs a joint mobilization with client
completely relaxed.
Resistive - CORRECT ANSWERS The client resist a movement performed by the therapist.
Stretch - CORRECT ANSWERS Elongates a muscle.
Unassisted stretch - CORRECT ANSWERS Client stretches into resistance without help of
therapist.
Assisted Strech - CORRECT ANSWERS Client stretches into resistance with help of
therapist.
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilation - CORRECT ANSWERS Assisted stretch in which
the muscle stretch into resistance followed by an isometric contraction of the muscle by the
client. The client then relaxes the contraction, which allows the stretch to move further.
End Feel - CORRECT ANSWERS Stoppage of range of motion in a passive joint movement.
Soft End Feel - CORRECT ANSWERS Stoppage of range of motion due to tight soft tissue
pulling the structure in the opposite way.
, Hard End Feel - CORRECT ANSWERS Stoppage of range of motion due to hard tissue
preventing any further motions.
Empty End Feel - CORRECT ANSWERS Stoppage of range of motion due to trauma to an
effected muscle or joint.
Assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS Preliminary evaluation of the client before, during, and
after the massage treatment.
Methods of Assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS Intake forms, gait analysis, posture,
ergonomics, contraindications, communication and palpation.
Bolsters when Side-lying - CORRECT ANSWERS Bolsters should be place between the
client's knees, arms, and under the head.
Bolsters when Semi-Reclined - CORRECT ANSWERS Bolsters should be placed under the
knees and under the head. May be used for pregnant clients to reduce pressure on the
abdominal aorta which may cause dizziness.
Aromatherapy - CORRECT ANSWERS Using essential oils for healing. Different oils have
specific effect in the body ranging from physical to emotional. Aromatherapy effects the limbic
system.
Craniosacral Therapy - CORRECT ANSWERS Developed by John Upledger, very light
massage technique that releases blockage in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid from the cranium to
the sacrum.
Deep Tissue - CORRECT ANSWERS Focuses on treating deeper muscular and facial tissue.